Advanced Ayurvedic Practitioner Training
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Classical Ayurveda Training
SANSKRIT
PADARTHA VIGYAN
AYURVEDA ITIHAS
ASHTANG HRIDAYAM (SUTRASTHAN)
RACHANA SHARIR
KRIYA SHARIR
CHARAK SAMHITA (PURVARDHA)
SWASTHAVRITTA
DRAVYAGUNA VIGYAN
RASA SHASTRA & BHAISHAJYA KALPANA
ROGA VIGYAN & VIKRITI VIGYAN
AGADA TANTRA
VYAVHAR AYURVED & VIDHI VAIDYAK
CHARAK SAMHITA (UTTARARDHA)
KAYACHIKITSA
SHALAKYA
SHALYA
PRASUTI TANTRA & STRI ROGA
KAUMARBHRITYA
PANCHAKARMA
SANSKRIT Theory
Vyakaranam Sanjna, Ach-Sandhi, Hal-Sandhi, Visarga Sandhi, Ajanta Pullinga, Ajanta Streelinga Ajanta Napunsaklinga, Halanta Pullinga, Halanta Streelinga, Halanta Napunsaklinga, Avyaya Prakaran, Bhavadi-Dashganah, Hyanta- - bhavakam Karma-Kartru Sannanta, Yannanta yanluganta atmnepadaparasmaipada Lakarartha prakriya Kridanta prakarana(Kritya prakriya), Purvakridantam, Unadaya, Uttar-kridanta Vibhaktyartha prakaran, Samasa prakaran(Kevala samas, Avyayibhavah,
Tatpurush, Bahuvrihi Dvandva samasanta, Tadhita prakarnani, Streepratyaya Prakaranam
TEXT BOOK
Laghu Siddhanta Kaumudi
2. Translation
(i) Translation from English / Hindi / Regional language into Sanskrit Or Essay in Sanskrit related to Ayurveda
(ii) Translation from Sanskrit to English, Hindi and Regional languages (Any desired official language)
Reference Books
(i) Anuvada Chandrika- Chakradhara Hansa Nautiyal
(ii) Sanskrita Ayurveda Sudha- Dr B. L. Gaur
(iii) PraudhRachananuvada Kaumudi- Dr Kapil Dev Dwivedi
(iv) Ayurvedic Classical Texts be used as Exercise Material for Translation.
3. Identification of grammatical errors from the given excerpt and writing the grammatically corrected version - Material/ excerpt should be selected from the above reference books
Vaidya Sadvrittam
Prescribed Books :
(i) Vaidyakiya Subhashitani (1-20 chapters) By Dr. Bhaskar Govinda Ghanekar
(ii) Ayurvediya Hitopdesha By Vaidya Ranjit Rai Desai
(iii) Panchatantram- Aprikshitkarkam Or Verses from classics (Brihatrayi) related to Vaidya Sadvritta
2. Order of reading classics (Grantha-adhyayan krama parichaya) Pathana Krama / sampradana parichaya, padavibhaga, arthanvaya krama, anvyartha, bhavartha, dhvanitartadi-prabhasana Karma parichaya Samastapada sarthak-vigraha, dhatu-dhatvartha, pratyaya-pratyayartha, subanta-tigantadi bhedana padakritya (anvayartha samarthanam) Nirupanam.
Material for practice (Exercise Material) Sushrut Samhita-Sharir Sthana-Chapter-4 (Garbhavyakarana Shariram)
PADARTHA VIGYANAM
Ayurveda Nirupana Definition, Lakshana of Ayu, composition of Ayu, definition and lakshana of Ayurveda, definition and types of siddhanta, Introduction to basic principles of Ayurveda and their significance. Ayurveda Darshana Nirupana, Philosophical background of fundamentals of Ayurveda, Meaning of the word “Darshana” and its omnipresence, evolution of Darshana, their numbers and classification, general introduction of schools for Indian Philosophy with an emphasis on Nyaya, Vaisheshik and Sankhya Darshana. Ayurveda as unique and independent school of thought (philosophical individuality of Ayurveda), definition of Padartha, Lakshana of Padartha. Division and number of Padartha, Bhava and Abhava Padartha; Charak’s opinion regarding this; introduction & description of Karana-Padartha mentioned by Charak.
Dravya Vigyaniyam Definition, lakshana and number of Dravya, Panchabhuta; origin of Panchamahabhuta, Parasparanupravesha (mutual conglomeration), types of panchikaran, Lakshana and types of Prithvi, Lakshana and types of Tejas, Lakshana and types of Jala, Lakshana and types of Vayu, lakshana of Akasha and its Aupadhika types, Kaala Nirupana, etymological derivation, definition and lakshana of the word ‘Kaala’, aupadhik types of Kaala, significance of Kaala in Ayurveda, Dik-nirupanam, significance of Dik and Aupadhik types, lakshana of Atma, description of Purusha mentioned in Ayurveda - Ativahika Purusha/ Sukshma Sharir/ Rashi Purusha/ Chikitsiya Purusha/ Karma Purusha/ Shaddhatvatmak Purusha, initiation of Atma towards perception of knowledge (Atmanah gyana Pravritti). Mano Nirupanam, Lakshana, synonyms of Manas, Mana as substratum of diseases (Manasah Vyadhyashryatram), Guna (qualities), Vishaya (subject), Karma (function), Ubhayaindriyatva and seat of Mana; contribution of Panchamahabhuta and Triguna in physical constitution (Dehaprakriti) and mental faculty; disapproval of dravyatva of Tamas, practical study/application of Dravya in Ayurveda.
3. Guna Vigyaniyam Etymological derivation, definition and number of Guna, Vaishesika guna, SaarthaShabda, Sparsha, Rupa, Rasa, Gandha, Adhyatma guna- Buddhi, Sukha, Dwesha, Ichha, Dwesa, Prayatna; Paradi Guna, Gurvadi guna- their introduction and clinical application. 4. Karma Vigyaniyam Definition, lakshana and types of Karma, types of Karma mentioned in Nyaya, Description of Karma in Ayurveda, practical study/ application of Karma in Ayurveda. 5. Samanya Vigyaniyam Definition, Lakshana, types of Samanya, practical study/ application of Samanya in reference to Dravya, Guna and Karma. 6. Vishesha Vigyaniyam Definition, lakshana and types of Vishesa, detailed description of the verse “Pravrittirubhayasyatu”, practical study of Vishesa for clinical application in Ayurveda. 7. Samavaya Vigyaniyam Definition and Lakshana of Samavaya, practical study of Samavaya for clinical application in Ayurveda. 8. Abhava Vigyaniyam Definition and lakshana of Abhava Padartha, classification of Abhava- description of Pragabhava, Pradhwansabhava, Atyantabhava, Anyonyabhav and clinical significance of Abhava in Ayurveda.
Pramana/ Pariksha Vigyaniyam (Epistemology)
1. Pariksha Nirupana (means of getting knowledge) Definition, significance and necessity of pariksha, Two types of anubhava-prama and aprama, Lakshana and types of prama and prameya, Lakshana, causes and types of Smriti (memory), Significance and importance of pramana. Enumeration of pramana according to different schools of philosophy, Four type of methods for examination in Ayurveda (chaturvidha pariksha vidhi), Pramana in Ayurveda, Incorporation of different pramana into three pramana, Use of word pariksha in reference to pramana in classics of Ayurveda and Practical application of methods of examination (pariksha vidhi) in treatment (chikitsa).
2. Aptopdesha Pariksha/ Pramana Nirupana (Authoritative instruction/ Spiritual testimony) Definition of aptopdesha, lakshana of apta, lakshana of sabda, and its types, shabdavritti - abhidha, lakshana, vyanjana, tatparyakhya; shaktigraha hetu, vakya Characteristic; Vakyartha gypanahetu- akanksha, yogyata, sannidhi.
3. Pratyaksha Pariksha/ Pramana Nirupana (direct observation or perception) Definition and lakshana of pratyaksha, Types of origin of pratyaksha jnana, Types of pratyaksha- nirvikalpaka- savikalpaka with description, Description of laukika and alaukika types and their further classification, Sannikarsha Characteristic, six types of sannikarsha, characteristics of sense organs (Indriyanam lakshanam), Classification of Indriya and enumeration. Description of panchapanchaka, establishment of origin of Indriya by panchamahabhuta (bhautikatwa of Indriya) and similarity in sources (tulyayonitva) of Indriya. Dominance of antahkaran, Hindrances in direct perception (pratyaksha anupalabdhikaran), Detailed description of direct perception (pratyaksha) by various instruments/ equipments, necessity of other pramana in addition to pratyaksha, Practical study/ application of pratyaksha in physiological, diagnostic, therapeutics and research grounds.
4. Anumana Pariksha/Pramana Nirupanam (Inference) Definition and lakshana of Anuman. Introduction of anumiti, paramarsha, vyapti, hetu, sadhya, paksha, dristanta etc. Types of anuman mentioned by Charak Samhita & Nyaya Darshana. Characteristic and types of vyapti, Characteristic and types of hetu, description of ahetu and hetwabhasa. Characteristic and significance of tarka. Practical study/ application of anumana pramana in physiological, diagnostic, therapeutics and research grounds.
5. Yukti Pariksha/ Pramana (Epistemology of reasoning) Definition and lakshana of yukti pariksha, discussion on yukti pramana. Importance & characteristic of yukti pariksha in Ayurveda. Practical study and utility of yukti pariksha in therapeutics and research.
6. Upamana Pramana Nirupanam (Analogy) Definition and lakshana of upamana. Application of upamana in therapeutics and research.
7. Karya- Karana Siddhanta Nirupanam (Cause and Effect Theory) Definition and lakshana of karya and karana. Types of karana. Significance of karya and karana in Ayurveda. Different opinions regarding manifestation of karya from karana - satkaryavada, asatkaryavada, parinamvada, arambhavada, paramanuvada, vivartavada, kshanabhangurvada, pilupaka, pitharpaka, anekantavada, swabhavoparamvada.
8. Srishti-Nirupanam Srishti-laya nirupanam (evolution and devastation of universe), Description of tatvotpatti, Tatva-nirupanam, classification of tatva. Evolution of universe (life) according to Charak, Sushruta (Srishti-Vikaskrama); Ashtaprakriti, Shodashavikara and their description. Similarity and dissimilarity between kshetra-kshetragya, vyakta-avyakta, prakriti-purusha. Triguna nirupanam, Description of theories of rebirth and salvation (punarjanma & moksha) 9. Shastrartha Bodhaka Shastra Lakshana, tantra guna, tantra dosha, detailed description of tantrayukti, Brief description of tachhilya and arthashraya.
PRACTICAL
1. Panchabhautika nirupanam of Karya dravya and their introduction.
2. Examination of Bhautika / Samanya guna and introduction.
3. Examination of physical (Panchbhautika Prakriti and Deha prakriti) and Mental temperament composed by triguna (Trigunatmaka Manas prakriti).
4. Exposition or display of process of Indriyartha Sannikarsha in establishment of dravya and roga (dravya and rogavinishchaya).
5. Importance / significance of pariksha / pramana in examination of dravya, roga and rogi. (disease and patient).
6. Allotment of practical work according to syllabus
Reference Books
1. Padartha Vigyan Acharya Ramraksha Pathak
2. Ayurvediya Padartha Vigyana Vaidya Ranjit Rai
3. Ayurved Darshana Acharya Rajkumar Jain
4. Padartha Vigyana Kashikar
5. Padartha Vigyana Balwant Shastri
6. Sankhya Tantra Kaumadi Gajanan Shastri
7. Psycho Pathology in Indian Medicine Dr. S.P. Gupta
8. Charak Evum Sushrut ke Darshanik Vishay ka Adhyayan Prof. Jyotirmitra Acharya
9. Ayurvediya Padartha Vigyana Dr. Ayodhya Prasad Achal
10. Padartha Vigyana Dr. Vidyadhar Shukla
11. Padartha Vigyana Dr. Ravidutta Tripathi
12. Ayurvediya Padartha Vigyana Vaidya Ramkrishna Sharma Dhandha
13. Ayurvediya Padartha Vaidya Banwari lal Gaur Vigyan Parichaya
14. Ayurvediya Padartha Darshan Pandit Shivhare
15. Padhartha Vigyan Dr Shailaja Srivastava
16. Useful Parts of Charak, Sushrut and Vagbhata
AYURVED ITIHAS (History of Ayurveda)
1. Etymological derivation (Vyutpatti), syntactical derivation (Niruktti) and definition of the word Itihas, necessity of knowledge of history, its significance and utility, means and method of gaining knowledge viz. historical person (Vyakti), subject (Vishaya), time period (Kaal), happening (Ghatna) and their impact on Ayurveda.
2. Descent of Ayurveda, chronology of Ayurveda according to different Schools, introduction to eight branches of Ayurveda and concerned renowned texts. Introduction of the authors of these texts.
3. Eternity of Ayurveda (Shashvatvam and Anaditvam).
4. Status of Ayurveda in Vedic period, progression of Ayurveda upto tantra kaal. Knowledge about available topics of Ayurveda in purana and tantra etc.
5. Introduction of authors of classical texts during Samhita kaal and their contribution especially Atreya, Dhanwantari, Kashyapa, Agnivesha, Sushruta, Bhela, Harita, Charaka, Dridhabala, Vagbhata, Nagarjuna, Jivaka – introduction and contribution.
6. Chronological development of Charak Samhita, Sushrut Samhita and Kashyapa Samhita.
7. Introduction and establishment of time period of commentators of classical Samhita – Bhattar Harishchandra, Jejjata, Chakrapani, Dalhana, Nishchalakara, Vijayarakshita, Gayadas, Arundatta, Hemadri, Gangadhara, Yonginderanath Sen, Haranchandra.
8. Introduction and time period of authors of compendium (Granthasamgraha kaala) – Acharya Bhavmishra, Sharangadhara, Vrinda, Madhavakara, Shodhala, Govind Das (Author of Bhaishajya Ratnawali), Basavraja etc.
9. Origin of Rasa Shastra and its development, introduction and time period of promoters of Rasa Shastra.
10. Vrikshayurveda Vigyana (Ayurveda for plant kingdom), Pashu chikitsa Vigyana (Ayurveda for animal kingdom), promoters of Ashva, Gaja chikitsa Vigynana, Shalihotra, Palkapya, Varahmir, Nakula, Ashvaghosh.
11. Introduction of authors of Modern era –Gan Nath Sen, Yamini Bhushan, Yadavji Tikramji Acharya, Ghanekar, Damodar Sharma Gaur, Priyavrat Sharma, Swami Laksmiram, Dr. P. M. Mehta, Daji Shastri Pade etc.
12. Globalisation of Ayurveda – Sumera, Babilonia, Asiria, Misra (Egypt), China, Persia, Arabia, Kamboja, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Thailand, Mauritius, Myanmar (Burma) etc. – expansion of Ayurveda in above mentioned civilizations.
13. Impact of Ayurveda on Hippocrates (Father of Allopathy), Invitation to Indian physicians by Yavans and translation of Ayurvedic text into Arabian language. Visit to Greece by Indian scholars, relation between Greece and India in ancient period (made by Alexander) and expansion of Ashvavaidyaka in Greece.
14. Developmental actions for Ayurveda in post-independence period, development in educational trends, establishment of different committees. their recommendations, Central Council of Indian Medicine, Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, foundation of department of AYUSH, its introduction and activities, Drug and Cosmetic Act, Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia Committees formation and activities of organisations and institutions like Rashtriya Ayurveda Vidyapeeta etc. Activities in field of Research in Ayurveda according to different subjects. Initiation for writing down a text, different councils of vaidya and their activities.
15. Publications of Ayurveda journals and magazines, WHO, status of Ayurveda on International grounds in present era.
Reference Books
1. Upodghata of Kashyapa Samhita Paragraph of acceptance of Indian medicine Rajguru Hem Raj Sharma
2. Upodghata of Rasa Yogasagar Vaidya Hariprapanna Sharma
3. Ayurveda Ka Itihas Kaviraj Suram Chand
4. Ayurveda Sutra Rajvaidya Ram Prasad Sharma
5. History of Indian Medicine (1-3 part) Dr. Girindra Nath Mukhopadhyaya
6. A Short history of Aryan Medical Science Bhagwat Singh
7. History of Indian Medicine J. Jolly
8. Hindu Medicine Zimer
9. Classical Doctrine of Indian Medicine Filiyosa
10. Indian Medicine in the classical age Acharya Priyavrata Sharma
11. Indian Medicine (Osteology) Dr. Harnley
12. Ancient Indian Medicine Dr. P. Kutumbia
13. Madhava Nidan and its Chief Commentaries (Chapters highlighting history) Dr. G.J. Mulenbelt
14. Ayurveda Ka Brihat Itihasa Vaidya Atridev Vidyalankara
15. Ayurveda Ka Vaigyanika Itihasa Acharya Priyavrata Sharma
16. Ayurveda Ka Pramanika Itihasa Prof. Bhagwat Ram Gupta
17. History of Medicine in India Acharya Priyavrata Sharma
18. Vedomein Ayurveda Vaidya Ram Gopal Shastri
19. Vedomein Ayurveda Dr. Kapil Dev Dwivedi
20. Science and Philosophy of Indian Medicine Dr. K.N. Udupa
21. History of Indian Medicine from Premoryana to Kushana Period Dr. Jyotirmitra
22. An Appraisal of Ayurvedic Material in Buddhist literature Dr. Jyotirmitra
23. Mahayana Granthon mein nihita Ayurvediya Samagri Dr. Ravindra Nath Tripathi
24. Jain Ayurveda Sahitya Ka Itihasa Dr. Rajendra Prakash Bhatnagar
25. Ayurveda- Prabhashaka Jainacharya Acharya Raj Kumar Jain
26. Charaka Chintana Acharya Priyavrata Sharma
27. Vagbhata Vivechana Acharya Priyavrata Sharma
28. Atharvaveda and Ayurveda Dr. Karambelkara
29. Ayurvedic Medicine Past and Present Pt. Shiv Sharma
30. Ancient Scientist Dr. O.P. Jaggi
31. Luminaries of Indian Medicine Dr. K.R. Shrikantamurthy
32. Ayurveda Ke Itihasa Ka Parichaya Dr. Ravidutta Tripathi
33. Ayurveda Ke Pranacharya Ratnakara Shastri
34. Ayurveda Itihasa Parichaya Prof. Banwari Lal Gaur
ASHTANGA HRIDAYA (SUTRASTHAN)
For the convenience of learning, allotted marks for Sutrasthan of Ashtanga Hridaya
PRACTICAL
Topic of chart prep ration Ayurvedavatarana according to Ashtanga Hridaya, Ashtanga of Ayurveda, Agni, Prakriti, Koshta, Tridosha, Rasa-guna-virya-vipaka and prabhava of dravya, Ritucharya, Dinacharya, Vegaudirana and vidharana, Chatushpada of Chikitsa, Sadhyasadhyata, different classification of dravya- toya, kshira, ikshu,etc.shooka, shimbi, mamsa, shaka, phala etc. Dosha samshodhana kaala, vriddhi- kshaya lakshana of Dosha, Dhatu and Mala, Dosha prakopa according to Ritu, Viruddhahara, Traya Upastambha. Parameters for Internal Assessment. Memorizing and describing two shlokas weekly, discipline, oral and written presentation and other activities. Parameters for internal Assessment (15 Marks) Memorizing and describing two shlokas weekly, discipline, oral and written presentation and other activities.
Reference Books
Ashtanga Hridayam Hindi Commentary by Lalchanda Vaidya English Commentary by K.R. Srikantamurhy
Ashtang Hridayam Prof. Banwari lal Gaur.
Ashtang Hridayam by Vagbhata Dr Vishwavasu Gaur.
Ashtang Hridayam by Vagbhata Dr. Bulusu Sitaram.
Ashtang Hridayam by Vagbhata Dr. T. Sreekumar
RACHANA SHARIR
1. Detailed description of principles of ‘Sharir’ and their co-relation with modern medical science. 2. Shariropkrama Description of Shaarir and Sharir, knowledge and importance of Shaarir and Sharir, ‘Shadangatva’ of Sharir, Anga pratyanga vibhaga, Preservation and Dissection Method of dead body, Divisions of Sharir.
3. Knowledge of terminologies used in Sharir Detail knowledge of terms, position, and Planes e.g. Urdhva (Superior), Adhah (Inferior), Nikatastha (Proximal) and Doorastha (Distal), Agrima (Anterior or Ventral), Abhi pristha or Paschima (Posterior), Madhyanuga (Median), Parshva (Lateral). Abhimadhyama (Medial) and Uttana (Superficial) and Gambhira (Deep) section, Anuprastha (Vertical) and Agra paschedasa (Horizontal), Tiryaka (Oblique) sections, Mamsa peshi (Muscles), Sira, Dhamani, Tantrika, Snayu(Ligaments), Kurcha, Kandra (Tendon), Jala (Plexuses), Asthi Sanghat (Complex Joints), Seemanta (Sutures of Skull), Rajju (Cords) and Sevani.
4. Abhinivriti Sharir Vyakta and Avyakta, Kshetra and Kshetrajna, Constitution of ‘Purusha’ according to dhatu bheda, Panchabhoutikatva and Sukshamatva of body, Karma Purusha, Trigunatamakatvam, Tridoshmayatvam, Doshadhatumalamulakatva of Sharir.
5. Garbha Sharir (Embryology) Definition of ‘garbha’ (embryo), ‘Garbhottpadakbhava’, Sukshma garbha sharir, micro anatomical description of ‘Dhatu and Avayava’ ‘Shukra’ Artava, Antahpushpa, Garbhadhana (fertilization) and Kosha vibhajana (Cell division), along with role of Tridosha and Panch mahabhuta in fetal development, ‘Bija’-(sperm and ovum), Bijabhaga, Bijabhagavayava and Genetics in Ayurveda. Anuvamshika Siddhanta (principles of Hereditary), Linga bheda (Sex determination), Masanumasika Garbha Vridhi Krama (month wise development of Fetus), Garbhavridhikara bhava (factors affecting development and growth of embryo), Deha prakriti, Satwa prakriti’ etc., Garbha poshana, Apara nirmana (formation of placenta), Nabhinadi nirmana (formation of umbilical cord), Ulva, Jarayu, Akritikara bhava, Matrapartantrata of garbha, Bhuta vyapara, formation of Stanya, Angapratyanga nirmana, Development of various systems, Developmental anomalies and their causes (Ayurveda and Modern Views).
6. Pramana Sharir: Anthropometric -Values of body parts. Anguli, anjali, pramana and Sankhya Sharir. Part B 50 Marks
7. Asthi Sharir (Osteology) Number of bones (Charak, Sushrut and Modern Concept), Asthi swaroopa and Asthi rachana (Structure and texture of bone), Detailed description of each bone - Ossification of bones, applied anatomy of each bone.
8. Sandhi Sharir (Arthrology) Definition of Sandhi (joints), Types, structure of each Asthi sandhi (joint), specific description of ‘Hanu’ (temporomandibular) and Shakha sandhi (joints of extremities), vertebral joints, Definition of Asthi Sanghat, number and their applied value. Sevani (Sutural Joints), Snayu (Ligaments), movements of Joints and Clinical importance of the Sandhi (joints).
9. Sira, Dhamani, Srotas Sharir (Angiology) (a) Sira-Dhamani Importance of Raktavaha Sansthan (cardiovascular system), Hridaya (Heart), Sira, Dhamani, Srotas. Definition of Sira, Dhamani, their course, branches, Description of Arteries and capillary, Accessory veins and Principle veins. (b) Srotas Sharir: Definition, types, their moola and Srotodusti.
10. Lasika Sansthan (Lymphatic system) Introduction and study of Lasika pranali (Lymphatic channels), Lasika granthi (Lymphatic glands), Rasa kulya (thoracic duct), Payasvini (lacteals) and Courses of Lasika Vahini (Lymphatic Ducts).
11. Peshi Sharir (Myology) Introduction and detail structure, shape, size, types and Importance of Peshi (muscles) - their attachments and origin, insertion, actions, nerve supply and its clinical application.
12. Koshta Defining the terms like – Koshta, Ashaya and Koshtanga, their names and location, Koshtanga of Urah Pradesh (thoracic cavity organs), Udar Pradesh, Koshtanga (organs of abdominal cavity), Description of digestive organs and accessory digestive organs. Organs of Shwasa, Prashwasa (Respiratory system), Organs of Mutravaha Sansthan (Urinary system), Description of male and female prajananang (reproductive organs) and their details.
13. Granthi Sharir Description of the structure of Bahya Srotas (Exocrine) and Nisrotasa granthi, detail study of granthi Sharir.
14. Kala Sharir Definition of Kala, structural pattern and detail study of each Kala, study of Vishista Kala like Hridyavarana (Pericardium), Puppusavarana Kala (Pleura), Mastiskavarana Kala (Meninges), Udaravarana Kala (Peritoneum).
15. Twak Sharir (Dermatology) Definition of Twak (Skin), its swaroopa (structure), types and prayojana.
16. Uttamangiya Tantrika Sansthan Sharir (Nervous System) Introduction, Definition, classification and importance of Mastishka (Brain)-
1. Brihatamastishka (Cerebrum),
2. Laghumastishka (Cerebellum),
3. Madhyamastishka (Mid brain),
4. Usnishaka (Pons),
5. Sushumna Shirsha (medulla oblongata), Sushumna Kanda (Spinal cord), Sheershanya tantrika (Cranial Nerves) and Sushmaniya Tantrika (Spinal Nerves), Parisarniya Tantrika (Peripheral nervous system). Description of Swatantra Nadi Samsthan (Autonomic nervous system), Anukampiya and Paranukampiya (Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system and nerve plexuses).
6. Tantra Sharir (Neuro Anatomy) Shatchakra, Ida, Pingala, Saraswati etc.
7. Marma Sharir Description of the term Marma, their numbers, locations, different types and their terminological values. Importance of trimarma, Charak & Sushrut concept.
8. Anga Rekhankana Sharir - (Surface, Radiological and Imaging Anatomy) Anga Rekhankana (Surface marking), Vikirana Rachana Sharir (Radiological Anatomy)
9. Indriya Sharir: (Sensory organs) Derivation of the word Indriya, its number, Description of Panch Gyanendriya, Panch Karmendriya and Ubhayendriya (Mana). Description of the Eye, Ear, Nose, tongue, Skin and Indriya Adhisthan.
PRACTICAL
1. Shava Samskarana and Mruta Shodhana (Dead Body Preservation and Dissection).
2. Shavachedana - Dissection of the whole body.
3. Sampurna Asthi Pradarshana - Demonstration of all bones, Practical demonstration of Komala Avayava (Macro and Microscopic structures of organs) and Koshtanga (Abdominal organs).
4. Practical knowledge of Anga Rekhankana, Surface Anatomy, Sharir Vikirana Radiography
Reference Books
1. Brihat Shariram Vaidyaratna P.S. Varrier
2. Abhinava Shariram Acharya Damodar Sharma Gaur
3. Manava Sharir (Revised Edition) Prof. Dinkar Govind Thatte
4. Manava Bhruna Vigyana Prof. Dinkar Govind Thatte
5. Manava Anga Rekhankan Vikrian Evum Chayankan Sharir Vikiran Prof. Dinkar Govind Thatte
6. Sharir Rachana Vigyan (English) Vaidya P.G. Athawale
7. Manual of Practical Anatomy Cunnigham Practical Manual Vol-1, Vol-2, Vol-3
8. Clinical Anatomy in Ayurveda Prof. D.G. Thatte and Prof. Suresh Chandra
9. Sharir Rachna Vigyan (English) Prof. D.G. Thatte
10. Ayurvedic Human Anatomy Prof. Dr. Giridhar M. Kanthi
11. Regional Anatomy B. D. Chaurasia
12. Rachana Sharir Vigyana Dr. Mahendra Sing
13. Chapters of Charak, Sushrut and Vagbhata Sharir Sthana
14. Gray's Anatomy
KRIYA SHARIR
1. Conceptual study of fundamental principles of Ayurvediya Kriya Sharir e.g. Panchamahabhuta, Tridosha, Triguna, Loka-Purusha Samya, Samanya Vishesha, RasaVirya-Vipaka etc. Description of Basics of Srotas.
2. Definitions and Synonyms of term ‘Sharir’, Definitions and Synonyms of term ‘Kriya’, Srishti Utpatti and its adaptation in generation of Sharir, Factors responsible for Srishti Utpatti, Difference and similarities between Prakriti and Purusha, Study of components of Purusha and in context to numerical variations (Purushabheda), Role of Shatdhatupurusha in Kriya Sharir and Chikitsa
3. Dosha – General introduction of dosha, Classification of Dosha into ‘Sharir dosha and Manasa dosha’, ‘Prakrit Dosha and Vaikrit Dosha, Criteria for ‘Dosha’, Doshagati, Criteria for differentiation of types of Dosha (Doshabheda).
a. Vata Dosha – Vyutpatti (derivation), Utpatti, Nirukti (etymology) of term ‘Vata’, General locations, general properties and general functions of Vata, Five types of Vata with their specific locations, specific properties and specific functions (Prana, Udana, Samana, Vyana, Apana)
b. Pitta Dosha – Vyutpatti, Utpatti, Nirukti of term ‘Pitta’, General locations, general properties and general functions of Pitta, Five types of Pitta with their specific locations, specific properties and specific functions (Pachaka, Ranjaka, Alochaka, Bhrajaka, Sadhaka); Similarities and differences between Agni and Pitta
c. Kapha Dosha- Vyutpatti, Utpatti, Nirukti of term ‘Kapha’, General locations, general properties and general functions of Kapha, Five types of Kapha with their specific locations, specific properties and specific functions (Bodhaka, Avalambaka, Kledaka, Tarpaka, Shleshaka)
d. Etiological factors responsible for Vriddhi-Kshaya of each Dosha and manifestations of Vriddhi-Kshaya of each Dosha.
e. Kriyakaala of Dosha in view point of Charak, Sushrut and Vagbhata and its clinical importance.
4. Prakriti
a. Deha-Prakriti – Vyutpatti, Utpatti, Nirukti, various definitions and synonyms for term ‘Prakriti’, intra-uterine factors responsible for genesis of Prakriti, extra-uterine factors influencing Deha-Prakriti, classification of Deha-Prakriti, characteristics of each kind of Deha-Prakriti, clinical significance of Deha-Prakriti, Anukatva
b. Manasa-Prakriti – classification, characteristics and clinical significance.
5. Modern Physiology
a. Basic principles of Biochemistry. Study of basic components of food. Biochemical structure, properties, classification of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Vitamins – sources, daily requirement, functions, manifestations of hypo and hyper-vitaminosis. Biochemical study of enzymes.
b. Definition and mechanisms of maintenance of Homeostasis, Cell Physiology, Membrane Physiology, Resting membrane potential and action potential.
c. Physiology of Respiratory system: Functional anatomy of respiratory system, Definition of ventilation, Mechanism of respiration, Exchange and transportation of gases, Neural and chemical control of respiration, Spirometry and lung function tests, Artificial respiration.
d. Physiology of Cardio-Vascular system: Functional anatomy of cardiovascular system. Properties of cardiac muscles. Cardiac cycle, Heart sounds, Regulation of cardiac output and venous return, Physiological basis of ECG. Heart-rate and its regulation, Arterial pulse, Systemic arterial blood pressure and its control, Regional circulations, Physiology of lymphatic circulation.
e. Modern view of somato-types, biological personality and psychological traits of an individual.
1. Sharir-Poshana
a. Ahara – definition and significance of ahara, classification of ahara-dravya, aharavidhi-vidhana, Ashta-ahara-vidhi-visheshayatana, ahara-parinamakara bhava
b. Agni – Conceptual study of Agni, Vyutpatti, Nirukti, Synonyms of term ‘Agni’, classification of Agni, Location-properties and functions of Jatharagni, Bhutagni, and Dhatwagni. Role of Agni in Kriya Sharir and Chikitsa.
c. Ahara-paka-prakriya – physiology of related organs (Maha-srotas), avasthapaka, nishthapaka, Maha-srotas-pachana kriya, sara-kitta vibhajana, saranushoshana and genesis of Vatadi Dosha during ahara-pachana
d. Definition of term ‘Koshta’, criteria of classification of Koshta and characteristics of each kind of Koshta
2. Modern physiology Functional anatomy of gastro-intestinal tract. Descriptive physiology of digestion and absorption in gastro-intestinal tract. Mechanism of secretion and composition of different digestive juices. 1. Dhatu General introduction, definition and criteria of Dhatu, Utpatti (during garbhavastha and janmottara kaala), Vyutpatti, Nirukti of term ‘Dhatu’; different theories related to Dhatuposhana, (dhatuposhana nyaya) i) Rasa Dhatu Vyutpatti, Nirukti, Sthana, Guna, Karma, Pramana of Rasa Dhatu. Physiology of Rasavaha Srotas, Formation of Rasa Dhatu from Ahara Rasa. Circulation of Rasa (Rasa-Samvahana), Description of Ashtavidha Sara (8 types of Sara). Characteristics of Twakasara Purusha. Conceptual study of mutual interdependence (ashraya-ashrayi bhava) between Rasa and Kapha. Manifestations of Kshaya and Vriddhi of Rasa.
ii) Raktadhatu Vyutpatti, Nirukti, synonyms, Sthana, Guna, Karma and Pramana of Rakta Dhatu; Panchabhautikatva of Rakta Dhatu, physiology of Raktavaha Srotas, Formation of Raktadhatu, Ranjana of Rasa by Ranjaka Pitta, Features of Shuddha Rakta, Specific functions of Rakta, characteristics of Raktasara Purusha; manifestations of Kshaya and Vriddhi of Raktadhatu, Mutual interdependence between Rakta and Pitta.
iii) Mamsadhatu Vyutpatti, Nirukti, synonyms, Sthana, Guna, Karma and Pramana of Mamsa Dhatu, Physiology of Mamsavaha Srotas, Formation of Mamsadhatu, characteristics of Mamsasara Purusha, manifestations of Kshaya and Vriddhi of Mamsadhatu.
iv) Medo Dhatu Vyutpatti, Nirukti, Sthana, Guna, Karma and Pramana of Medodhatu, physiology of Medovaha Srotas, formation of Medo dhatu, characteristics of Medosara Purusha and manifestation of Kshaya and Vriddhi of Meda. v) Asthi Dhatu Vyutpatti, Nirukti, synonyms, Sthana, Guna, Karma of Asthi Dhatu; Physiology of Asthivaha Srotas and formation of Asthi Dhatu, characteristics of Asthisara Purusha, Mutual interdependence of Vata and Asthi Dhatu, manifestations of Kshaya and Vriddhi of Asthi Dhatu.
vi) Majja Dhatu Vyutpatti, Nirukti, types, Sthana, Guna, Karma and Pramana of Majja Dhatu, physiology of Majjavaha Srotas, formation of Majja dhatu, characteristics of Majja Sara Purusha, Rakta-Pitta-Majja relation, manifestations of Kshaya and Vriddhi of Majja dhatu.
vii) Shukra Dhatu Vyutpatti, Nirukti, Sthana, Guna, Karma and Pramana of Shukra Dhatu, physiology of Shukravaha srotas and formation of Shukra dhatu; features of Shuddha and Dushita Shukra, characteristics of Shukrasara Purusha, manifestations of Kshaya and Vriddhi of Shukra dhatu.
2. Ojas Vyutpatti, Nirukti, synonyms, definition, Utpatti Sthana, Guna, Karma and Pramana of Ojas, classification of Oja (Ojobheda), conceptual study of Vyadhikshamatva; Bala Vrudhikara Bhava, Balabheda, Relation between Shleshma, Bala and Ojas; Etiological factors and manifestatioins of Oja kshaya, Visramsa and Vyapat; physiological and clinical significance of Ojo Vayasthapana.
3. Upadhatu
a. General introduction, Vyutpatti and Nirukti of the term ‘Upadhatu’. Utpatti, Poshan, Sankhya, Praman, Guna, Sthana and Karma of Upadhatu. b. Stanya –Nirukti, definition, utpatti guna karma, praman of Stanya; characteristics and assessment of shuddha and dushita Stanya, manifestations of Vriddhi and kshaya of Sthanya
c. Artava –Nirukti, definition, Utpatti, Guna Karma of Artava, characteristics of shuddha and dushita Artava, difference between Raja and Artava, physiology of Artavavaha srotas and Artavachakra
d. Tvak – Utpatti, Nirukti, Guna, Pramana, Karma and Bheda. Layer wise diseases of Tvak.
4. Modern physiology
a. Hemopoetic system – composition, functions of blood and blood cells, Hemopoiesis- (stages and development of RBCs, WBCs and platelets); Introduction to bone marrow: composition and functions of bone marrow, Structure and functions of hemoglobin, mechanism of blood clotting, anticoagulants, study of platelets, physiological basis of blood groups, principles of blood transfusion, plasma proteins- synthesis and functions. Applied physiology: anemia, jaundice, Basics of Immunity – Classification and Mechanisms, Hypersensitivity, Physiological basis of immunization. b. Muscle physiology – comparative study of physiology of skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles and smooth muscles. Physiology of muscle contraction. c. Physiology of adipose tissue, lipo proteins like VLDL, LDL and HDL etc. d. Calcium metabolism: hormonal control of calcium metabolism. Functions of vitamin D, parathormone and calcitonin. Bone and teeth. e. Structure and functions of skin, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. f. Physiological study of male and female reproductive systems. Spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Hormonal regulation of menstrual cycle. Physiology of pregnancy and lactation.
1. Mala - Vyutpatti, Nirukti of term ‘Mala’; General introduction of Mala, Utpatti (during Garbhavastha and Janmottara Kaala),
2. Aharamala – Enumeration and formation of Aharamala. a. Mutra –Vyutpatti, Nirukti, Pramana, Sthana, Guna, Karma, and physiology of Mutravaha srotas; formation of Mutra, manifestations of Vriddhi and Kshaya of Mutra b. Purisha –Vyutpatti, Nirukti, Pramana, Sthana, Guna, Karma, and physiology of Purishavaha Srotas; formation of Purisha, manifestations of Vriddhi and Kshaya of Purisha.
3. Sweda –Vyutpatti, Nirukti, Pramana, Sthana, Guna, Karma, and physiology of Swedavaha Srotas; formation of Sweda, manifestations of Vriddhi and Kshaya of Sweda.
4. Dhatu mala – Utpatti, Nirukti, Sthana, Guna Karma, Samkhya, Pramana of each Dhatu Mala; etiological factors and clinical manifestations of each Dhatu Mala.
5. Panchagyanendriya – Physiological study of Panchagyanendriya, and physiology of Shabda, Sparsha, Roopa, Rasa, Gandha. Process of Dnyana-grahana; Indriya-PanchaPanchaka; Physiological study of Karmendriya.
6. Manas – Utpatti, Vyutpatti, Nirukti, Synonyms, Swaroopa, Sthana, Guna, Vishaya, Karma of Manas and physiology of Manovaha srotas; physiological and clinical significance of Manas.
7. Atma –Nirukti, Definition, Sthana, Guna, Karma and difference between Paramatma and Jeevatma; Characteristics of existence of Atma.
8. Buddhi – Sthana, Prakara, Karma of Buddhi; Physiology of Dhee, Dhriti and Smriti.
9. Nidra – Nidrotpatti, Nidrabheda, physiological and clinical significance of Nidra; Swapnotpatti and Swapnabheda.
10. Modern physiology a. General introduction to nervous system – neurons, mechanism of propagation of nerve impulse, physiological study of CNS, PNS, ANS; physiological study of sensory and motor functions of nervous system. Functions of different parts of brain - Cerebral Cortex, Hypothalamus, Limbic system, Midbrain, Pons, Medulla and Cerebellum. Physiology of special senses, Intelligence, Memory, Learning and Motivation, Physiology of sleep and dreams, Physiology of speech and articulation; EEG, Physiology of temperature regulation. b. Endocrine glands – General introduction to endocrine system, classification and characteristics of hormones, physiological study of all endocrine glands and their hormones. c. Urinary tract physiology – Functional anatomy of urinary tract, Functions of kidneys. Mechanism of formation of urine, Control of micturition, Renal function tests.
PRACTICAL
Content of Practical A) Ayurvedic Practicals
1. Assessment of Dosha (Vriddhi Kshaya Lakshana)
2. Assessment of Dhatu – a. Sharir Bala b. Manasa Bala
3. Assessment of Mala –
a. Examination of Mala by Shabda, Sparsha, Roopa Rasa and Gandha
b. Mutra (Taila Bindu pariksha)
c. Purisha (Jale Nimajjati pariksha)
4. Assessment of Vaya
5. Anguli Pariksha
6. Assessment of Ayu in Charak-Samhita
7. Assessment of Agni
8. Assessment of Koshta
9. Assessment of Prakriti
10. Assessment of Sara
11. Satmya Pariksha
12. Nadi pariksha
13. Stanya pariksha
B) Modern practicals
1. Use and care of compound microscope
2. Types, uses and care of balances
3. Collection of blood sample – prick, venepuncture method and bulbs, apparatus for collection
4. Preparation of blood film and staining
5. Estimation of Hemoglobin
6. Microscopic examination of blood a. RBC count b. WBC count c. Differential leukocyte count
7. Packed cell volume (PCV) demonstration
8 ESR demonstration
9. Bleeding time
10. Clotting time
11. Blood grouping and Rh typing
12. Examination of Cardio-Vascular system a. Pulse examination b. Arterial blood pressure measurement c. Examination of heart sounds d. ECG demonstration
13. Examination of Respiratory system a. Respiratory rate b. Vital capacity of Lungs c. Spirometry
14. Examination of CNS – Reflexes
15. Urine examination – Collection of urine, physical examination, chemical examination and microscopic examination. Test for normal constituents of urine Following chemical examinations for abnormal constituents : a. Albumin test b. Sugar test c. Acetone bodies d. Bile salts and bile pigments e. Occult blood 16. Stool examination – Collection of stool, physical examination, chemical examination and microscopic examination
17. Semen Analysis
18. Measurement of body temperature 19. Study of instruments related to physiology practicals
Reference Books
1. Ayurveda Kriya Sharir Vd. Ranjeet Roy
2. Abhinava Sharir Kriya Vigyana Acharya Priyavrata Sharma
3. Dosha Dhatu Mala Vigyana Shankar Gangadhar Vaidya
4. Prakrita Dosha Vigyana Acharya Niranjana Dev
5. Tridosha Vigyana Shri Upendranath Das
6. Sharira Tatva Darshana Hirlekar Shastri
7. Prakrita Agni Vigyana Niranjana Dev
8. Deha Dhatvagni Vigyana Vd. Pt. Haridutt Shastri
9. Sharir Kriya Vigyana (Part 1-2) Acharya Purnchandra Jain
10. Sharir Kriya Vigyana Shri Moreshwar Dutt. Vd.
11. Dosha Dhatu Mala Vigyana Basant Kumar Shrimal
12. Abhinava Sharir Kriya Vigyana Dr. Shiv Kumar Gaur
13. Pragyogik Kriya Sharir Acharya P.C. Jain
14. Physiology Gyton
15. Kaya Chikitsa Parichaya Dr. C. Dwarkanath
16. Concept of Agni Vd. Bhagwan Das
17. Physiology Chatterjee
18. Purush Vichaya Acharya V.J. Thakar
19. Kriya Sharir Prof. Yogesh Chandra Mishra
20. Sharir Kriya Vigyana Prof. Jayaram Yadav & Dr. Sunil Verma.
21. Useful parts of Charak, Sushrut, Vagbhata.
This is a full-time four-year program - approximately 5,000 hours of class and preceptor time. Our Four-Year program includes approximately 1,400 hours of clinical training and culminates in the professional "Ayurveda Doctor (AD)" designation.
World Class Faculty
We are committed to attracting and keeping outstanding faculty. Health-sciences and professional development courses are taught by instructors with terminal degrees in their subject area. Ayurvedic therapeutic modalities, diagnosis and assessment and clinical science courses are taught by Ayurvedic physicians or other fully-qualified health-care professionals. Clinical practice and integration courses are taught primarily by licensed, practicing Ayurvedic physicians.
Innovative Curriculum Design
Our curriculum design reflects our academic philosophy. We incorporate principles of proven conventional academic wisdom with mentorship and hands-on experience to offer students the best possible learning environment. Our commitment to small classes means flexibility and plenty of opportunities for student-instructor interaction.
Principles of Learning
While we offer students the highest standard of education, we also strive to preserve a community that is founded on principles of inclusion, integrity, safety, respect, academic freedom, self-responsibility, innovation and sustainability. In short, we strive to be a community in which each member feels heard, valued and supported on their journey of self-discovery and academic exploration.
An Integrative Curriculum
We emphasize integration throughout the curriculum, impressing a holistic world view, embedding the philosophy of Ayurvedic medicine throughout the educational experience and reinforcing the application of basic medical sciences to clinical realities. Ayurvedic therapeutic modalities are also commonly delivered within a general-practice framework to ensure students recognize the principles of their applications.
Situational and Systems-Based Learning
Situational learning uses simulations, case studies and role playing (among other methodologies) to place students into situations where they face real-life problems. To solve these, students must make decisions - both individually and as a group - and deal with the consequences as they strive toward an ideal answer or outcome.
Clinical and Academic Mentorship
Mentorship is about people learning from each other. It is a process that allows more experienced students and instructors to share their professional knowledge and expertise with those who are less experienced. Faculty and student mentors help our students to reach their learning potential by guiding and encouraging them to excel and grow. Through mentorship, students gain insight into new skills and knowledge through example and support.
Bio-medicine: an Integrative Educational Experience
Basic sciences are offered simultaneously as an integrative course, which is unique to the Ayurveda Institute. The biomedicine course is taught six to nine hours per week over the first two years and encompasses physiology; biochemistry; pathology; histology; embryology; pharmacology and laboratory diagnosis.
As a synthesis of several fields of study, this series of courses promotes an integrative and clinically relevant view of the basic medical sciences.
Bio-medicine is designed to present the physiological and biochemical functioning of the human body as the basis to understanding relevant pathology and the application of appropriate lab diagnostic tests and pharmacological interventions. As such, it facilitates the learning process while upholding the holistic stance of Ayurvedic medicine. The blended basic sciences course is presented following a systems approach, which is complimented and reinforced by the surrounding curriculum.
Comprehensive Learning
There are no electives at the Ayurveda Institute, as the six modalities (botanical medicine, Ayurvedic medicine, nutrition, physical medicine, psychology and counseling and traditional Asian medicine) are taught to ensure graduates are equally strong in all current standard Ayurvedic modalities. We offer traditional Asian medicine as part of the curriculum, and our students accumulate sufficient classroom and clinical practice hours to be eligible to practice acupuncture upon graduation.
Ayurveda Doctor Curriculum & Synopsis
Academic Calendar
3500 hours of instruction are divided among the five basic categories of courses which constitute the Ayurvedic Medical Program academic curriculum:
Program Synopsis: 4-year track
1st Year
Term 1
Term 4
Term 7
Term 10
Periodic Courses
The following courses are delivered periodically throughout the 4 years of study:
The anatomy dissection lab is a six-day intensive course held immediately following the end of Term 6.
Clinic Hours
Clinic hours are interspersed with academic courses throughout years 3 - 4 beginning in Term 7.
Category I - Biomedical Sciences
Biomedicine - Pharmacology
Anatomy
Anatomy provides a detailed study of the anatomical structures and systems of the human body, with special attention to clinically relevant surface and palpative anatomy. The musculoskeletal, vascular, lymphatic, and nervous systems are studied in depth in order to appreciate the relevance of landmarks and how physical relationships affect function.
Anatomy - Dissection Lab
There will be a six-day intensive cadaver dissection component to the anatomy course, allowing a hands-on opportunity to study the underlying structures of the human body. This vehicle of study of gross anatomy is completed through dissection under the supervision of highly qualified instructors. It is a unique experience that involves the “unwrapping” of the cadaver in whole layers progressing from the skin through to the superficial fascia, muscle and internal organs. This process allows the intricacies of the body as a single inter-related unit to be appreciated.
Biomedicine
The biomedicine courses within the biomedical sciences program integrate physiology (including histology and embryology), biochemistry, pathology, pharmacology and laboratory diagnosis in their content. They are taught over the first two years of study.
Biomedicine provides a common framework for describing the structure and functioning of the human body. The rigor of science has, through inquiry based on the scientific method, produced a valuable representation of occurrences in the body. While this science is reductionist, under revision, always disputable and incomplete, it allows detailed insight into processes and relationships that are otherwise invisible to the unaided eye. It thus reframes and provides a descriptive quality to our mental imaging of how the body works.
As a synthesis of several fields of study, the biomedicine courses set out to promote an integrative and holistic view of the basic medical sciences. They provide a comprehensive description of the structure, organization, function and dysfunction of the human body, and ways in which we measure and manipulate these parameters. Increasing levels of complexity are explored as the courses progress from the lives of cells to the dependent relationships found in systems. After reviewing the biochemical nature of molecular building blocks, the cellular incorporation and metabolism of these molecules is followed, providing for the cellular creation of tissues which enable the body to develop, grow and sustain life. Next is an examination of how these tissues are consolidated into organs, which participate in complex interrelated systems that support and allow a body to thrive. A great deal of emphasis is placed on cellular metabolism, as this is where our vitality is defended as homeostatic organisms, and it is usually here that pathology begins.
Biomedicine provides us with an ability to predict potential underlying causes of disease in patients, to create and justify treatment rationale, to learn a common language for use in communicating with other medical professionals, and to hypothesize and potentially research theories on the mechanisms behind Ayurvedic treatments.
Biomedicine - Biochemistry
The biochemistry component forms the basic language and mechanism of the sciences of physiology, pathology, pharmacology, nutrition and laboratory diagnosis, and addresses the application of biochemistry to Ayurvedic knowledge and practice. Topics examined in this context include the energetic relationship of molecules; the nature and function of enzymes; cellular regulatory mechanism; metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates; common metabolic pathways; detoxification reactions; acid / alkali balance; vitamin mechanisms and nucleic acids and DNA.
Biomedicine - Laboratory Diagnosis
The laboratory diagnosis component enables students to critically evaluate and apply the results of commonly-used laboratory tests. Tests covered by this section of the course include serological chemistry and hematology, urinalysis, endocrine panels and other analyses that can be used for the purpose of ascertaining body function and disease diagnosis. Related laboratory parameters and disease states are covered in conjunction with each other throughout the biomedicine courses in order to best integrate the information and to facilitate the learning process.
Biomedicine - Pathology
The pathology component affords a scientific study of disease. It examines the etiology and pathophysiology of diseases and the potential for progression and sequelae. Beginning with the study of general pathology, the genetic basis of disease, cellular and tissue responses to injury, inflammation, healing and repair and neoplasia, it then progresses to a systematic discussion of specific diseases of the various organs and organ systems of the body (with greatest emphasis on the most common and clinically relevant disease processes). The pathophysiology of local and systemic changes occurring in the body during illness is discussed to better understand the rationale for methods of diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.
Biomedicine - Pharmacology
The pharmacology component examines the major groups of allopathic pharmaceuticals, including select nervous system medications (such as those used for depression, mania, epilepsy, sedation etc.,), antihistamines, anti-asthmatics, analgesics, local anesthetics, anti-inflammatories, cardiovascular drugs, gastrointestinal drugs, topical drugs and endocrine agents.
Prior to addressing the actions of specific pharmaceuticals, the general principles behind the administration, metabolism, withdrawal and excretion of pharmaceutical agents are discussed. For each specific pharmaceutical studied, the mechanism of action is detailed and used to determine the therapeutic effects, adverse effects and contra-indications of the drug. In addition, selected unique adverse events that cannot be linked to the mechanism of action are highlighted, as well as selected interactions with other pharmaceutical agents.
Related pharmaceutical agents and disease states are covered in conjunction with each other throughout the biomedicine courses in order to best integrate the information and to facilitate the learning process.
Biomedicine - Physiology
The physiology component provides a comprehensive coverage of the structure, organization and functioning of the human body explored at progressively more complex levels. Beginning at the chemical level of organization, it progresses through the cellular, histological, organic and systemic levels to characterize the body as an interrelated and holistic entity. Systems are covered in a sequence that describes relevant histology, followed by physiological models of function and homeostatic contribution and finally a look at the embryological development of that system. The subject matter of the physiology component is echoed topically by the content of the other components of the biomedicine courses.
Clinical Diagnosis I-IV (Didactic with Lab)
The clinical diagnosis courses provide an in-depth study of the significance and interpretation of clinical signs and symptoms for the development of diagnostic skills appropriate to the primary care provider. Emphasis is placed on the collection and interpretation of physical/clinical data to arrive at a medical/Ayurvedic diagnosis. The physical clinical diagnostic components teach the mechanics of the physical examination, introducing the techniques and practices of auscultation, palpation, and observation using appropriate diagnostic tools to identify the physical expression of disease processes. Understanding the underlying factors which contribute to the development and the early detection of disease are examined. Through lecture, practice and the study of numerous case histories, students develop history taking and physical examination skills, learn to develop diagnostic acumen, cultivate clinical judgment and problem solving abilities, and develop competency in differential diagnosis and assessment.
Microbiology I
Examines constructive organization and wholeness in open systems, introducing the Gaia view of the natural world as a whole, organized and self-regulating "super-organism", and looking at the concept of "deep ecology" and its relevance to Ayurvedic philosophy. A general overview of the biosphere cycles including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and water are covered. The general health effects of pollution (air, water, soil, electromagnetic etc.), species extinction, climate change, bio-technology and the re-making of nature are discussed.
The theme of constructive organization in the natural world is extended to an introduction to microbiology. Major groups of micro-organisms are identified; archaebacteria, prokaryotes and eukaryotes are explored. Gram-stain and the basic physical elements which differentiate gram positive and gram negative are covered including their antigenic determinants. The major groups which make up gram-positive and gram-negative are covered. An overview of prions and viruses is also included.
The normal resident and transient flora of the skin, conjunctiva, mouth and upper respiratory passages, intestinal tract, urethra and vagina are then examined in relation to their beneficial roles in health and normal function. This is contrasted with some illustrative causes and general effects of abnormal microbial transfer to other localities. The special microbial environments of food and water are considered in relation to infection, pathogenicity, virulence and the role of natural barriers and general immunity in host resistance. The holistic perspective is thus expanded to include the environment and the interface between the individual and the environment as living, dynamic components with both positive and negative health impacts. The course concludes with an exploration of requirements for environmentally sustainable health care and physician-based contributions to environmental health.
Microbiology II
This involves the study of various infectious agents and their role in disease in the human body. Transmission, virulence, laboratory identification and diagnosis, pathological presentation and pharmacology of treatment are investigated.
Neuroanatomy
A detailed study of the structure and function of the nervous system. This course expands on the nervous system anatomy covered by the Anatomy courses, and includes the physiology and selected pathologies of the nervous system. Special attention is given to the ascending and descending nerve tracts. The complexities of consciousness, memory, learning and emotion are explored.
Oncology
Oncology provides an in-depth study into the biology of cancer. It describes the cellular mechanisms involved in the development of cancer and the metabolism of neoplastic tissues. It surveys the clinical investigation, staging, grading, epidemiology and tropism of specific cancers.
Integrative supports for standard chemotherapy, radiation and surgery are detailed. Ayurvedic medicine for cancer prevention, therapy, complications and emergencies are given, with a focus on translating science into clinical practice.
Category II - Professional Development
Jurisprudence
Jurisprudence prepares the student for the provincial licensing jurisprudence board exam. The course provides detailed instruction in the legislation governing health-care practice in general and Ayurvedic medicine in particular.
The focus of this course is on the administrative law called the Health Professions Act as applied to Ayurvedic Doctors in the United States of America. The concept of Natural Justice and Jurisdictional Rules are discussed.
The bylaws for the College of Ayurvedic Physicians are discussed in detail as well as ethical aspects and considerations of clinical practice, including duties of the doctor, liability, negligence, standards of care, consent to treatment and confidentiality.
Leadership
The leadership course provides students with the ability to enhance and display the qualities of leadership. Students will be facilitated through an appraisal of their own leadership, management, communication and entrepreneurial skills and will develop a learning action plan that supports their growth and success as clinicians/managers and future professionals. This course will also assist students in the development of personal vision and mission statements, as well as a professional biography.
As the leadership course is designed to help students develop their personal abilities over the duration of their studies at the Ayurveda Institute, it is delivered periodically throughout the entirety of the program. Leadership classes offered in the first year focus on creating a “signature presence” and developing strategies for success that include goal planning, time management, productivity and efficiency. In the second year, the focus is on appreciative inquiry and communication, including applied management theory and public speaking. The third year will continue with an inventory of leadership skills and includes a business center tour, while the fourth year will move into systems thinking, strategic planning and creative/innovative marketing.
Ayurvedic ethics
Ayurvedic ethics focuses on developing students’ ability to analyze many of the ethical issues that will arise throughout their professional careers. The course begins with an introduction to the professional role and responsibilities of the Ayurvedic physician as a health-care professional. It starts from the premise that responsibility to others invariably presupposes responsibility to self and focuses on the integral “owning” of the professional promise to serve the well-being and best interests of the patients and society. Students will be introduced to philosophical traditions that ground Western moral and ethical thought. They will then learn to use a model for decision-making that will facilitate their efforts to work through ethical issues and dilemmas in the context of health-care practice. This framework will guide students in working through topics and issues such as informed consent, right to refuse treatment, patient privacy and confidentiality, cultural issues, respect for persons of difference, ageism, maintaining professional relationships and boundaries, providing equity in the delivery of health-care services, abortion and life and death decision making.
Professional Development Program
Practice Management
Practice management lays the foundation of a transitional bridge between the structure and the open-ended challenge of building an Ayurvedic practice. It is delivered as a component of the professional development program to allow students to explore business issues and to develop a business sense in tandem with their Ayurvedic education. The inclusion of this course in the curriculum allows the student to graduate not only with the academic and clinical skills required of a Ayurvedic physician / Doctor, but also with the knowledge and support necessary to put these skills to good use in a viable Ayurvedic practice.
Early in the program practice management will focus on personal financial and life planning, as well as business background planning and professional behavior and the financial aspects of business. Later in the program we will move into marketing and communications, and then explore the issues of the Ayurvedic Doctor owner, practice management and associate agreements, and culminate in the completion of a business plan.
The courses provide students with the information and basic personal and business skills necessary for dealing with the management aspects of setting up and operating a Ayurvedic practice. Topics include professional licensing, practice options, office planning, practice building, referrals, marketing, public relations, fee structures, record maintenance, medical legal reports, taxes, bookkeeping and accounting, the use of computers in business, trouble-shooting, personnel hiring and firing, financial planning, professional liability, insurance requirements and the creation of a business plan.
Activities will vary depending on the instructor, but most will be an interactive, didactic format with lots of opportunity for student participation. Students will be able to request input on issues that are important to them, but not specifically covered in the curriculum.
Research
The ability to discern valid or faulty logic while investigating conclusions from research and published articles is an important skill to the practitioner. This course is aimed at developing these abilities in the learner by examining the validity and reliability of research findings, increasing the ability to investigate research, analyzing research design and data collection models, understanding the purpose of using statistics and developing analytical and critical thinking skills.
This course is designed to provide students with an introductory understanding of research methods, clinical epidemiology, evidence-based clinical practice and research issues pertaining to Ayurvedic medicine. Its aim is to enable students to identify, interpret, appraise and apply research relating to health-care. Students will gain an understanding of the research literature and its implication for clinical practice, as well as the ability to apply valid information from the medical literature to educate themselves and their patients.
The first two years of the program will focus on research literacy and literature appraisal using periodic lectures and seminars on specific topics, along with regular small group discussions/tutorials. In the third and fourth years of the program, students will participate in various forms of research activity, ranging from writing case reports to conducting projects under the guidance of a mentor.
Category III - Ayurvedic Therapeutic Modalities
Botanical Medicine I–V (Didactic with Lab)
This series of courses provides an in-depth study of the botanical materia medica and the clinical use of whole plants and extracts.
There is substantial time devoted to formulating, compounding and pharmacognosy, as well as toxicology and safety issues.
The development of a systematic understanding of the indications and actions of medicinal plants that can be applied practically in the clinical context is emphasized.
Ayurvedic Counseling I-VI
Ayurvedic counseling prepares students to work with patients, peers and supervisors. The courses have a workplace focus that includes team building and relationship building. This series of courses support and compliment the integration of personal and professional identity and focuses on how to develop essential clinical rapport with patients, which is the foundation of the doctor-patient relationship.
The course starts with patient-centered principles and then integrates these with the Ayurvedic therapeutic order. From there, motivational interviewing is introduced just before students begin their clinical experience.
In addition to case conceptualization and communication skills, the courses examine the mind - body relationship and the process of death and dying for both patients and the patient’s clinician. Designed to help the Ayurvedic doctor understand mainstream mental health systems, focuses on clinical applications of knowledge and skills when students are working in the clinic.
Mineral Medicine I-IV
This is a four-part sequence that prepares the student to prescribe Ayurvedic remedies in an acute and classical manner. Earlier classes define and describe the rationale and use of Ayurvedic Physicians its theories and definitions. Repertory, case-taking, posology, case analysis and case management are covered in detail. Individual remedies are subsequently studied. Students acquire a working knowledge of the Ayurvedic materia medica and repertory in the treatment of acute and chronic conditions.
Nutrition I–IV
The Nutrition series examines the physiological functions, metabolism, and requirements for all macro- and micro- nutrients, as well as the pharmacological effects of individual nutrients. Instruction is provided for assessing diet quality and nutritional status. Diet planning, sports nutrition, and special nutritional needs are addressed. The clinical use of dietary management and nutrient supplementation is presented from the standpoint of both prevention and therapeutics. Various diets are investigated, and protocols for supplementation programs relative to specific disease processes and stages of the human life cycle are examined. The psychological meaning behind foods and food habits is also investigated.
Physical Methods and Agents Program
The Physical Methods and Agents Program provides hands-on training in physical assessment and physical medicine modalities. Included are the evaluation of soft tissue pathologies, orthopaedic testing, structural analysis, gait analysis, and examination and assessment of the vertebral column, pelvis, and peripheral joints. The principles and practice of goniometry and manual muscle-testing are introduced. Various systems of soft-tissue and osseous systems are taught such as Swedish massage, manual lymph drainage, trigger point therapy, neuromuscular technique, muscle energy, strain/counter strain, cranio-sacral therapy, fascia release therapy, and joint mobilization. Training in preventive and therapeutic exercise provides a foundation in the principles, techniques, and therapeutic application of exercise and stretching for improved strength, co-ordination, balance, posture, ergonomics, relaxation, and cardiovascular training.
The following seven courses comprise the physical methods and agents program.
Manual Therapies surveys the electrotherapeutic modalities and their application in a variety of conditions, including musculoskeletal disorders and pain management. The hydrotherapy component provides an education in the physiological principles and proper application of various hydrotherapeutic procedures, as hydrotherapy is at the root of Ayurvedic treatment.
Exercise and Rehabilitation focuses on the rehabilitative education of patients with injured tissues, as well as the maintenance of healthy ones.
Soft Tissue Mobilizations describes the various techniques for soft tissue work.
Panchakarma is a four-part series of courses that provides a solid basis for the practitioner to determine the need for, and perform specific spinal and peripheral adjustments of joints in the body. The primary focus is the spinal column.
Physical Medicine I provides lecture style and hands-on training in physical assessment and pathology recognition for the upper extremity (shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand). Included is the evaluation of common myofascial, articular, osseous, neurologic and vascular pathologies of the upper extremity. A variety of core patient assessment methods are identified, including patient history, postural assessment, detailed palpation, range of motion assessment, orthopaedic testing, diagnostic imaging and basic patient management. The principles and practice are also applied with patient simulation exercises and practical clinical examinations. Specifically, this course allows the student to identify pathological dysfunction in the upper extremity, and select appropriate treatment options given the specifics of each individual case.
Physical Medicine II provides lecture style and hands-on training in physical assessment and pathology recognition for the lower extremity (hip, knee, leg, ankle and foot). Included are the evaluation of common myofascial, articular, osseous, neurologic and vascular pathologies of the lower extremity. A variety of core patient assessment methods are identified, including patient history, postural assessment, detailed anatomy palpation, range of motion assessment, orthopaedic testing, diagnostic imaging and basic patient management. The principles and practice are also applied with patient simulation exercises and practical clinical examinations. Specifically, this course allows the student to identify pathological dysfunction in the lower extremity, and select appropriate treatment options given the specifics of each individual case.
Physical Medicine III Lecture style and hands-on training in physical assessment and pathology recognition for the axial body (sacroiliac, lumbar, thoracic, ribs, cervical spine and TMJ). Included is the evaluation of common myofascial, articular, osseous, neurologic and vascular pathologies of the axial body. A variety of core patient assessment methods are identified, including patient history, postural assessment, detailed anatomy palpation, range of motion assessment, orthopaedic testing, diagnostic imaging and basic patient management. The principles and practice are also applied with patient simulation exercises and practical clinical examinations. Specifically, this course allows the student to identify pathological dysfunction in the axial body, and select appropriate treatment options given the specifics of each individual case.
Traditional Ayurvedic Medicine I–V
This series of courses provides a working knowledge of the philosophy, theories of diagnosis and therapeutic concepts and techniques of Traditional Ayurvedic Medicine. It emphasizes and demonstrates the use of marma, tongue and pulse diagnosis, five-element theory, and the basic use of Ayurvedic botanicals.
Category IV - Clinical Science
Clinical Ecology
Clinical ecology provides an investigation into the background, history and mechanisms behind chemical and environmental toxicology, strategies for detoxification and various tests and evaluative techniques. An in-depth presentation of allergy and allergy testing and treatment methods is also included.
Dermatology
Dermatology examines the etiology, presentation and pathophysiology of various skin conditions encountered by the practicing physician. Identification of the physical presentation is emphasized.
Genetics
Genetics develops an understanding of the role of genetic makeup and its contribution to the health of the individual. The rapidly-changing field of genetics and its contribution to medicine is surveyed. The role of genetic counselling is also considered.
General terms, normal karyotype, examples of Mendelian disorders, cytogenetic disorders and single-gene disorders with non-classic inheritance will be discussed. The role of biotechnology in society today as well as possible Ayurvedic roles and applications for the "treatment" of individuals with genetic diseases will also be discussed.
Geriatrics
This six-week course will cover clinic considerations when doing a historical intake, physical exam, nutritional assessment and laboratory investigation. Some of the more common abnormal findings that are non-pathological for the geriatric population will be explored. Commonly found pathologies in the geriatric population will be discussed as well as the Ayurvedic considerations. This course will also attempt to cover social constructs the geriatric patient may have to endure and discuss possible solutions.
Gynecology (Didactic with Lab)
Gynecology thoroughly examines women’s health, including normal development throughout the life cycle, understanding of hormone balance and effects and differential diagnosis, investigation and treatment of imbalance /disease. Because many factors specifically affect the health and well-being of women, this course takes a holistic, woman-centered perspective on gynecology. In addition to pathologies and allopathic and Ayurvedic treatments, wider factors are examined, including socioeconomic status and cultural behaviors, to develop a broader perspective on how practitioners can best provide women's health-care.
Ayurvedic Clinical Arts and Sciences NCAS I-VI
This series of courses uses many approaches, including Problem-Based Learning (PBL), case based collaborative learning, patient research, and case analysis. Specifically, it is designed to prepare future Ayurvedic physicians to apply the knowledge acquired in school to the problems and issues they will confront in clinical practice. This course begins with clinical entrance in the third year, and continues to the end of the Ayurvedic medicine program and serves as an educational core, uniting the curriculum with clinical practice. This provides for the integration of knowledge and current and historical principles presented in every other component of the program. Each course has a different emphasis depending on the specialty of the physician facilitating it.
The courses include a series of projects in each term based on clinical problems or topical issues, and are usually presented as patient cases in a variety of formats. It examines each facet of clinical practice to sharpen clinical, diagnostic and treatment skills, in case management and professional attitudes.
The students are responsible for making the process work. The instructor's function is to facilitate and support the group by both acting as a resource and serving as an unobtrusive educational coach to guide students in reasoning their way through the problem.
Learning is promoted through facilitating students' access to their own prior knowledge, articulation of this knowledge as it relates to the problem and the identification of the limitations of their knowledge. The instructor/facilitator also engages students in reflection on the process and provides feedback and evaluation. As the course progresses through the program, students become more and more responsible for their own learning and become increasingly independent of the instructor for their education.
Obstetrics
Obstetrics covers natural childbirth in the home or hospital setting. Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of problems of labor and delivery are addressed. Recognition of high-risk birthing situations and appropriate management are emphasized. Also included is maternal postpartum care, treatment of common lactation problems. The scope of practice of obstetrics for Ayurvedic physicians and indications and contraindications of Ayurvedic treatments in the care of the obstetrical patient will be emphasized.
Pediatrics
Pediatrics presents a general overview of pediatric conditions seen in Ayurvedic practice and the differential diagnosis and assessment of the common problems of infancy, childhood and adolescence. This includes health maintenance, disease prevention, the early diagnosis and Ayurvedic treatment of common childhood conditions and diseases, and referral where appropriate. Emphasis is on the development of a healthy lifestyle at an early age.
Public Health
Public health will introduce students to concepts of public health, characterized by community development, healthy public policy, ecosystem wholeness and inter-sectoral approaches. This course will emphasize the importance of inter-professional practice and will provide opportunities for students to work with local community health organizations and contribute their Ayurvedic lens to a community health project.
Category V - Clinical Practice and Integration
Emergency Medicine (Didactic and Lab)
Emergency medicine provides students with training in a variety of medical procedures including immunization, prescription-writing, intravenous and intramuscular injections.
This course will enable students to assess any emergency situation and respond immediately as a professional first-responder in order to provide basic life support.
Emergency medical skills are developed with a focus on the balance between confidence in established competencies and the recognition of limitations in personal knowledge and abilities.
A similarly balanced perspective is cultivated with regard to non-emergency situations through the development of referral skills. The scope of practice and training of other health-care professions is reviewed in the context of conditions and situations where referral to another professional is in the best interests of the patient.
History and Philosophy of Ayurvedic Medicine I-IIIThis course is the fundamental seat of Ayurvedic medical practice. Especially now, in the age of pharmaceutical prescribing rights, it is critical graduates understand and apply Ayurvedic philosophy and principles in case management. The sequences of courses include a thorough description of the historical evolution of the profession, the principles that drive patient care and a survey of past and pivotal literature.
Introduction to Clinical Education
This course introduces you to the structure and functioning of the Ayurveda Clinic. It covers the procedures and policies that apply to patient care; looks at proper documentation and patient flow, as well as the role of the overseeing doctor and student clinicians; reviews of the student clinical handbook and engages students in mock patient exercises to reinforce learning.
Master Classes
The Master class series welcomes experts from across the spectrum of health-care to share the wealth of experience and insight they have acquired within their particular specialty. These valuable classes allow the student to interact with those making a difference in their communities.
Medical Procedures (Didactic and Lab)
Medical procedures provides instruction in the performance of minor surgical procedures such as suturing techniques, lancing, the use of topical anaesthetics and bandaging techniques.
Clinical Studies
Clinical training provides clinic interns with the opportunity to learn and develop the skills to become proficient and effective Ayurvedic Physicians. This includes integration and application of core principles, clinical problem solving and diagnostic skills, a solid understanding of the history and vision of the profession, as well as expertise in ethical patient care and use of core modalities. By observing, supporting and then managing patient care, clinic interns have the opportunity to build their knowledge and experience under the guidance of experienced clinical faculty.
Of the 1,400 clinic hours required to graduate, 1225 are spent in direct patient care- 1100 in the teaching clinic and 125 in preceptoring roles. The remaining hours are spent on assistant shifts in the clinic (75 hours) and in professional development (100 hours).
Integrating what is taught in the classroom and having the opportunity to work with real people is critical in the development of a well-rounded Ayurvedic Clinic intern. At the Ayurveda training student clinic interns and clinical supervisors work together as a patient care team. Interns present their treatment plans to the clinical supervisor who then offers guidance and suggestions. The team develops a plan for investigation and, diagnosis, and ultimately implements and monitors a treatment plan for each individual patient.
World Class Faculty
We are committed to attracting and keeping outstanding faculty. Health-sciences and professional development courses are taught by instructors with terminal degrees in their subject area. Ayurvedic therapeutic modalities, diagnosis and assessment and clinical science courses are taught by Ayurvedic physicians or other fully-qualified health-care professionals. Clinical practice and integration courses are taught primarily by licensed, practicing Ayurvedic physicians.
Innovative Curriculum Design
Our curriculum design reflects our academic philosophy. We incorporate principles of proven conventional academic wisdom with mentorship and hands-on experience to offer students the best possible learning environment. Our commitment to small classes means flexibility and plenty of opportunities for student-instructor interaction.
Principles of Learning
While we offer students the highest standard of education, we also strive to preserve a community that is founded on principles of inclusion, integrity, safety, respect, academic freedom, self-responsibility, innovation and sustainability. In short, we strive to be a community in which each member feels heard, valued and supported on their journey of self-discovery and academic exploration.
An Integrative Curriculum
We emphasize integration throughout the curriculum, impressing a holistic world view, embedding the philosophy of Ayurvedic medicine throughout the educational experience and reinforcing the application of basic medical sciences to clinical realities. Ayurvedic therapeutic modalities are also commonly delivered within a general-practice framework to ensure students recognize the principles of their applications.
Situational and Systems-Based Learning
Situational learning uses simulations, case studies and role playing (among other methodologies) to place students into situations where they face real-life problems. To solve these, students must make decisions - both individually and as a group - and deal with the consequences as they strive toward an ideal answer or outcome.
Clinical and Academic Mentorship
Mentorship is about people learning from each other. It is a process that allows more experienced students and instructors to share their professional knowledge and expertise with those who are less experienced. Faculty and student mentors help our students to reach their learning potential by guiding and encouraging them to excel and grow. Through mentorship, students gain insight into new skills and knowledge through example and support.
Bio-medicine: an Integrative Educational Experience
Basic sciences are offered simultaneously as an integrative course, which is unique to the Ayurveda Institute. The biomedicine course is taught six to nine hours per week over the first two years and encompasses physiology; biochemistry; pathology; histology; embryology; pharmacology and laboratory diagnosis.
As a synthesis of several fields of study, this series of courses promotes an integrative and clinically relevant view of the basic medical sciences.
Bio-medicine is designed to present the physiological and biochemical functioning of the human body as the basis to understanding relevant pathology and the application of appropriate lab diagnostic tests and pharmacological interventions. As such, it facilitates the learning process while upholding the holistic stance of Ayurvedic medicine. The blended basic sciences course is presented following a systems approach, which is complimented and reinforced by the surrounding curriculum.
Comprehensive Learning
There are no electives at the Ayurveda Institute, as the six modalities (botanical medicine, Ayurvedic medicine, nutrition, physical medicine, psychology and counseling and traditional Asian medicine) are taught to ensure graduates are equally strong in all current standard Ayurvedic modalities. We offer traditional Asian medicine as part of the curriculum, and our students accumulate sufficient classroom and clinical practice hours to be eligible to practice acupuncture upon graduation.
Ayurveda Doctor Curriculum & Synopsis
Academic Calendar
- The academic philosophy as evidenced based curriculum design strives to incorporate principles of both proven conventional academic wisdom and a mentorship program.
3500 hours of instruction are divided among the five basic categories of courses which constitute the Ayurvedic Medical Program academic curriculum:
- Category I: Biomedical Sciences
- Category II: Professional Development
- Category III: Ayurvedic Therapeutic Modalities
- Category IV: Clinical Science
- Category V: Clinical Practice and Integration
Program Synopsis: 4-year track
1st Year
Term 1
- Biomedical Sciences I
- Anatomy I
- Ayurvedic Counseling I
- Botanical Medicine I
- Mineral Medicine I
- Ayurvedic Ethics
- History and Philosophy I
- Biomedical Sciences II
- Anatomy II
- Ayurvedic Counseling II
- Traditional Ayurvedic Medicine I
- Nutrition I
- Public Health
- History and Philosophy II
- Biomedical Sciences III
- Anatomy III
- Neuroanatomy
- Mineral Medicine II
- Botanical Medicine II
- Panchakarma I
- Microbiology I
- History and Philosophy III
Term 4
- Biomedical Sciences IV
- Ayurvedic Counseling III
- Traditional Ayurvedic Medicine II
- Nutrition II
- Physical Medicine I
- Professional Development
- Clinical Diagnosis I
- Research
- Biomedical Sciences V
- Ayurvedic Counseling IV
- Botanical Medicine III
- Mineral Medicine III
- Physical Medicine II
- Microbiology II
- Clinical Diagnosis II
- Panchakarma II
- Biomedical Sciences VI
- Dermatology
- Genetics
- Traditional Ayurvedic Medicine III
- Physical Medicine III (2)
- Nutrition III
- Intro to Clinical Education
- Clinical Diagnosis III
Term 7
- Clinical Diagnosis IV
- Gynecology
- Pachakarma III
- Mineral Medicine IV
- Ayurvedic Counseling V
- Herbal Medicine IV
- Ayurvedic Clinic I
- Clinical Diagnosis V
- Obstetrics
- Panchakarma IV
- Traditional Ayurvedic Medicine IV
- Emergency Medicine
- Nutrition IV
- Ayurvedic Clinic Arts & Sciences II
- Exercise and Rehabilitation
- Clinical Diagnosis VI
- Oncology
- Pediatrics
- Traditional Ayurvedic Medicine V
- Ayurvedic Panchakarma V
- Botanical Medicine V
- Ayurvedic Clinic Arts & Sciences III
Term 10
- Master Class I
- Panchakarma VI
- Ayurvedic Counseling VI
- Ayurvedic Clinic IV
- Master Class II
- Geriatrics
- Professional Development
- Clinical Ecology
- Ayurvedic Clinic V
- Master Class III
- Medical Procedures
- Jurisprudence
- Ayurvedic Clinic VI
- Professional Development
- *Note: This schedule is tentative and subject to change.
Periodic Courses
The following courses are delivered periodically throughout the 4 years of study:
- Leadership (1.5 Credits)
- Practice Management (3 Credits)
- Research and Critical Thinking (3 Credits)
The anatomy dissection lab is a six-day intensive course held immediately following the end of Term 6.
Clinic Hours
Clinic hours are interspersed with academic courses throughout years 3 - 4 beginning in Term 7.
Category I - Biomedical Sciences
Biomedicine - Pharmacology
Anatomy
Anatomy provides a detailed study of the anatomical structures and systems of the human body, with special attention to clinically relevant surface and palpative anatomy. The musculoskeletal, vascular, lymphatic, and nervous systems are studied in depth in order to appreciate the relevance of landmarks and how physical relationships affect function.
Anatomy - Dissection Lab
There will be a six-day intensive cadaver dissection component to the anatomy course, allowing a hands-on opportunity to study the underlying structures of the human body. This vehicle of study of gross anatomy is completed through dissection under the supervision of highly qualified instructors. It is a unique experience that involves the “unwrapping” of the cadaver in whole layers progressing from the skin through to the superficial fascia, muscle and internal organs. This process allows the intricacies of the body as a single inter-related unit to be appreciated.
Biomedicine
The biomedicine courses within the biomedical sciences program integrate physiology (including histology and embryology), biochemistry, pathology, pharmacology and laboratory diagnosis in their content. They are taught over the first two years of study.
Biomedicine provides a common framework for describing the structure and functioning of the human body. The rigor of science has, through inquiry based on the scientific method, produced a valuable representation of occurrences in the body. While this science is reductionist, under revision, always disputable and incomplete, it allows detailed insight into processes and relationships that are otherwise invisible to the unaided eye. It thus reframes and provides a descriptive quality to our mental imaging of how the body works.
As a synthesis of several fields of study, the biomedicine courses set out to promote an integrative and holistic view of the basic medical sciences. They provide a comprehensive description of the structure, organization, function and dysfunction of the human body, and ways in which we measure and manipulate these parameters. Increasing levels of complexity are explored as the courses progress from the lives of cells to the dependent relationships found in systems. After reviewing the biochemical nature of molecular building blocks, the cellular incorporation and metabolism of these molecules is followed, providing for the cellular creation of tissues which enable the body to develop, grow and sustain life. Next is an examination of how these tissues are consolidated into organs, which participate in complex interrelated systems that support and allow a body to thrive. A great deal of emphasis is placed on cellular metabolism, as this is where our vitality is defended as homeostatic organisms, and it is usually here that pathology begins.
Biomedicine provides us with an ability to predict potential underlying causes of disease in patients, to create and justify treatment rationale, to learn a common language for use in communicating with other medical professionals, and to hypothesize and potentially research theories on the mechanisms behind Ayurvedic treatments.
Biomedicine - Biochemistry
The biochemistry component forms the basic language and mechanism of the sciences of physiology, pathology, pharmacology, nutrition and laboratory diagnosis, and addresses the application of biochemistry to Ayurvedic knowledge and practice. Topics examined in this context include the energetic relationship of molecules; the nature and function of enzymes; cellular regulatory mechanism; metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates; common metabolic pathways; detoxification reactions; acid / alkali balance; vitamin mechanisms and nucleic acids and DNA.
Biomedicine - Laboratory Diagnosis
The laboratory diagnosis component enables students to critically evaluate and apply the results of commonly-used laboratory tests. Tests covered by this section of the course include serological chemistry and hematology, urinalysis, endocrine panels and other analyses that can be used for the purpose of ascertaining body function and disease diagnosis. Related laboratory parameters and disease states are covered in conjunction with each other throughout the biomedicine courses in order to best integrate the information and to facilitate the learning process.
Biomedicine - Pathology
The pathology component affords a scientific study of disease. It examines the etiology and pathophysiology of diseases and the potential for progression and sequelae. Beginning with the study of general pathology, the genetic basis of disease, cellular and tissue responses to injury, inflammation, healing and repair and neoplasia, it then progresses to a systematic discussion of specific diseases of the various organs and organ systems of the body (with greatest emphasis on the most common and clinically relevant disease processes). The pathophysiology of local and systemic changes occurring in the body during illness is discussed to better understand the rationale for methods of diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.
Biomedicine - Pharmacology
The pharmacology component examines the major groups of allopathic pharmaceuticals, including select nervous system medications (such as those used for depression, mania, epilepsy, sedation etc.,), antihistamines, anti-asthmatics, analgesics, local anesthetics, anti-inflammatories, cardiovascular drugs, gastrointestinal drugs, topical drugs and endocrine agents.
Prior to addressing the actions of specific pharmaceuticals, the general principles behind the administration, metabolism, withdrawal and excretion of pharmaceutical agents are discussed. For each specific pharmaceutical studied, the mechanism of action is detailed and used to determine the therapeutic effects, adverse effects and contra-indications of the drug. In addition, selected unique adverse events that cannot be linked to the mechanism of action are highlighted, as well as selected interactions with other pharmaceutical agents.
Related pharmaceutical agents and disease states are covered in conjunction with each other throughout the biomedicine courses in order to best integrate the information and to facilitate the learning process.
Biomedicine - Physiology
The physiology component provides a comprehensive coverage of the structure, organization and functioning of the human body explored at progressively more complex levels. Beginning at the chemical level of organization, it progresses through the cellular, histological, organic and systemic levels to characterize the body as an interrelated and holistic entity. Systems are covered in a sequence that describes relevant histology, followed by physiological models of function and homeostatic contribution and finally a look at the embryological development of that system. The subject matter of the physiology component is echoed topically by the content of the other components of the biomedicine courses.
Clinical Diagnosis I-IV (Didactic with Lab)
The clinical diagnosis courses provide an in-depth study of the significance and interpretation of clinical signs and symptoms for the development of diagnostic skills appropriate to the primary care provider. Emphasis is placed on the collection and interpretation of physical/clinical data to arrive at a medical/Ayurvedic diagnosis. The physical clinical diagnostic components teach the mechanics of the physical examination, introducing the techniques and practices of auscultation, palpation, and observation using appropriate diagnostic tools to identify the physical expression of disease processes. Understanding the underlying factors which contribute to the development and the early detection of disease are examined. Through lecture, practice and the study of numerous case histories, students develop history taking and physical examination skills, learn to develop diagnostic acumen, cultivate clinical judgment and problem solving abilities, and develop competency in differential diagnosis and assessment.
Microbiology I
Examines constructive organization and wholeness in open systems, introducing the Gaia view of the natural world as a whole, organized and self-regulating "super-organism", and looking at the concept of "deep ecology" and its relevance to Ayurvedic philosophy. A general overview of the biosphere cycles including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and water are covered. The general health effects of pollution (air, water, soil, electromagnetic etc.), species extinction, climate change, bio-technology and the re-making of nature are discussed.
The theme of constructive organization in the natural world is extended to an introduction to microbiology. Major groups of micro-organisms are identified; archaebacteria, prokaryotes and eukaryotes are explored. Gram-stain and the basic physical elements which differentiate gram positive and gram negative are covered including their antigenic determinants. The major groups which make up gram-positive and gram-negative are covered. An overview of prions and viruses is also included.
The normal resident and transient flora of the skin, conjunctiva, mouth and upper respiratory passages, intestinal tract, urethra and vagina are then examined in relation to their beneficial roles in health and normal function. This is contrasted with some illustrative causes and general effects of abnormal microbial transfer to other localities. The special microbial environments of food and water are considered in relation to infection, pathogenicity, virulence and the role of natural barriers and general immunity in host resistance. The holistic perspective is thus expanded to include the environment and the interface between the individual and the environment as living, dynamic components with both positive and negative health impacts. The course concludes with an exploration of requirements for environmentally sustainable health care and physician-based contributions to environmental health.
Microbiology II
This involves the study of various infectious agents and their role in disease in the human body. Transmission, virulence, laboratory identification and diagnosis, pathological presentation and pharmacology of treatment are investigated.
Neuroanatomy
A detailed study of the structure and function of the nervous system. This course expands on the nervous system anatomy covered by the Anatomy courses, and includes the physiology and selected pathologies of the nervous system. Special attention is given to the ascending and descending nerve tracts. The complexities of consciousness, memory, learning and emotion are explored.
Oncology
Oncology provides an in-depth study into the biology of cancer. It describes the cellular mechanisms involved in the development of cancer and the metabolism of neoplastic tissues. It surveys the clinical investigation, staging, grading, epidemiology and tropism of specific cancers.
Integrative supports for standard chemotherapy, radiation and surgery are detailed. Ayurvedic medicine for cancer prevention, therapy, complications and emergencies are given, with a focus on translating science into clinical practice.
Category II - Professional Development
Jurisprudence
Jurisprudence prepares the student for the provincial licensing jurisprudence board exam. The course provides detailed instruction in the legislation governing health-care practice in general and Ayurvedic medicine in particular.
The focus of this course is on the administrative law called the Health Professions Act as applied to Ayurvedic Doctors in the United States of America. The concept of Natural Justice and Jurisdictional Rules are discussed.
The bylaws for the College of Ayurvedic Physicians are discussed in detail as well as ethical aspects and considerations of clinical practice, including duties of the doctor, liability, negligence, standards of care, consent to treatment and confidentiality.
Leadership
The leadership course provides students with the ability to enhance and display the qualities of leadership. Students will be facilitated through an appraisal of their own leadership, management, communication and entrepreneurial skills and will develop a learning action plan that supports their growth and success as clinicians/managers and future professionals. This course will also assist students in the development of personal vision and mission statements, as well as a professional biography.
As the leadership course is designed to help students develop their personal abilities over the duration of their studies at the Ayurveda Institute, it is delivered periodically throughout the entirety of the program. Leadership classes offered in the first year focus on creating a “signature presence” and developing strategies for success that include goal planning, time management, productivity and efficiency. In the second year, the focus is on appreciative inquiry and communication, including applied management theory and public speaking. The third year will continue with an inventory of leadership skills and includes a business center tour, while the fourth year will move into systems thinking, strategic planning and creative/innovative marketing.
Ayurvedic ethics
Ayurvedic ethics focuses on developing students’ ability to analyze many of the ethical issues that will arise throughout their professional careers. The course begins with an introduction to the professional role and responsibilities of the Ayurvedic physician as a health-care professional. It starts from the premise that responsibility to others invariably presupposes responsibility to self and focuses on the integral “owning” of the professional promise to serve the well-being and best interests of the patients and society. Students will be introduced to philosophical traditions that ground Western moral and ethical thought. They will then learn to use a model for decision-making that will facilitate their efforts to work through ethical issues and dilemmas in the context of health-care practice. This framework will guide students in working through topics and issues such as informed consent, right to refuse treatment, patient privacy and confidentiality, cultural issues, respect for persons of difference, ageism, maintaining professional relationships and boundaries, providing equity in the delivery of health-care services, abortion and life and death decision making.
Professional Development Program
Practice Management
Practice management lays the foundation of a transitional bridge between the structure and the open-ended challenge of building an Ayurvedic practice. It is delivered as a component of the professional development program to allow students to explore business issues and to develop a business sense in tandem with their Ayurvedic education. The inclusion of this course in the curriculum allows the student to graduate not only with the academic and clinical skills required of a Ayurvedic physician / Doctor, but also with the knowledge and support necessary to put these skills to good use in a viable Ayurvedic practice.
Early in the program practice management will focus on personal financial and life planning, as well as business background planning and professional behavior and the financial aspects of business. Later in the program we will move into marketing and communications, and then explore the issues of the Ayurvedic Doctor owner, practice management and associate agreements, and culminate in the completion of a business plan.
The courses provide students with the information and basic personal and business skills necessary for dealing with the management aspects of setting up and operating a Ayurvedic practice. Topics include professional licensing, practice options, office planning, practice building, referrals, marketing, public relations, fee structures, record maintenance, medical legal reports, taxes, bookkeeping and accounting, the use of computers in business, trouble-shooting, personnel hiring and firing, financial planning, professional liability, insurance requirements and the creation of a business plan.
Activities will vary depending on the instructor, but most will be an interactive, didactic format with lots of opportunity for student participation. Students will be able to request input on issues that are important to them, but not specifically covered in the curriculum.
Research
The ability to discern valid or faulty logic while investigating conclusions from research and published articles is an important skill to the practitioner. This course is aimed at developing these abilities in the learner by examining the validity and reliability of research findings, increasing the ability to investigate research, analyzing research design and data collection models, understanding the purpose of using statistics and developing analytical and critical thinking skills.
This course is designed to provide students with an introductory understanding of research methods, clinical epidemiology, evidence-based clinical practice and research issues pertaining to Ayurvedic medicine. Its aim is to enable students to identify, interpret, appraise and apply research relating to health-care. Students will gain an understanding of the research literature and its implication for clinical practice, as well as the ability to apply valid information from the medical literature to educate themselves and their patients.
The first two years of the program will focus on research literacy and literature appraisal using periodic lectures and seminars on specific topics, along with regular small group discussions/tutorials. In the third and fourth years of the program, students will participate in various forms of research activity, ranging from writing case reports to conducting projects under the guidance of a mentor.
Category III - Ayurvedic Therapeutic Modalities
Botanical Medicine I–V (Didactic with Lab)
This series of courses provides an in-depth study of the botanical materia medica and the clinical use of whole plants and extracts.
There is substantial time devoted to formulating, compounding and pharmacognosy, as well as toxicology and safety issues.
The development of a systematic understanding of the indications and actions of medicinal plants that can be applied practically in the clinical context is emphasized.
Ayurvedic Counseling I-VI
Ayurvedic counseling prepares students to work with patients, peers and supervisors. The courses have a workplace focus that includes team building and relationship building. This series of courses support and compliment the integration of personal and professional identity and focuses on how to develop essential clinical rapport with patients, which is the foundation of the doctor-patient relationship.
The course starts with patient-centered principles and then integrates these with the Ayurvedic therapeutic order. From there, motivational interviewing is introduced just before students begin their clinical experience.
In addition to case conceptualization and communication skills, the courses examine the mind - body relationship and the process of death and dying for both patients and the patient’s clinician. Designed to help the Ayurvedic doctor understand mainstream mental health systems, focuses on clinical applications of knowledge and skills when students are working in the clinic.
Mineral Medicine I-IV
This is a four-part sequence that prepares the student to prescribe Ayurvedic remedies in an acute and classical manner. Earlier classes define and describe the rationale and use of Ayurvedic Physicians its theories and definitions. Repertory, case-taking, posology, case analysis and case management are covered in detail. Individual remedies are subsequently studied. Students acquire a working knowledge of the Ayurvedic materia medica and repertory in the treatment of acute and chronic conditions.
Nutrition I–IV
The Nutrition series examines the physiological functions, metabolism, and requirements for all macro- and micro- nutrients, as well as the pharmacological effects of individual nutrients. Instruction is provided for assessing diet quality and nutritional status. Diet planning, sports nutrition, and special nutritional needs are addressed. The clinical use of dietary management and nutrient supplementation is presented from the standpoint of both prevention and therapeutics. Various diets are investigated, and protocols for supplementation programs relative to specific disease processes and stages of the human life cycle are examined. The psychological meaning behind foods and food habits is also investigated.
Physical Methods and Agents Program
The Physical Methods and Agents Program provides hands-on training in physical assessment and physical medicine modalities. Included are the evaluation of soft tissue pathologies, orthopaedic testing, structural analysis, gait analysis, and examination and assessment of the vertebral column, pelvis, and peripheral joints. The principles and practice of goniometry and manual muscle-testing are introduced. Various systems of soft-tissue and osseous systems are taught such as Swedish massage, manual lymph drainage, trigger point therapy, neuromuscular technique, muscle energy, strain/counter strain, cranio-sacral therapy, fascia release therapy, and joint mobilization. Training in preventive and therapeutic exercise provides a foundation in the principles, techniques, and therapeutic application of exercise and stretching for improved strength, co-ordination, balance, posture, ergonomics, relaxation, and cardiovascular training.
The following seven courses comprise the physical methods and agents program.
Manual Therapies surveys the electrotherapeutic modalities and their application in a variety of conditions, including musculoskeletal disorders and pain management. The hydrotherapy component provides an education in the physiological principles and proper application of various hydrotherapeutic procedures, as hydrotherapy is at the root of Ayurvedic treatment.
Exercise and Rehabilitation focuses on the rehabilitative education of patients with injured tissues, as well as the maintenance of healthy ones.
Soft Tissue Mobilizations describes the various techniques for soft tissue work.
Panchakarma is a four-part series of courses that provides a solid basis for the practitioner to determine the need for, and perform specific spinal and peripheral adjustments of joints in the body. The primary focus is the spinal column.
Physical Medicine I provides lecture style and hands-on training in physical assessment and pathology recognition for the upper extremity (shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand). Included is the evaluation of common myofascial, articular, osseous, neurologic and vascular pathologies of the upper extremity. A variety of core patient assessment methods are identified, including patient history, postural assessment, detailed palpation, range of motion assessment, orthopaedic testing, diagnostic imaging and basic patient management. The principles and practice are also applied with patient simulation exercises and practical clinical examinations. Specifically, this course allows the student to identify pathological dysfunction in the upper extremity, and select appropriate treatment options given the specifics of each individual case.
Physical Medicine II provides lecture style and hands-on training in physical assessment and pathology recognition for the lower extremity (hip, knee, leg, ankle and foot). Included are the evaluation of common myofascial, articular, osseous, neurologic and vascular pathologies of the lower extremity. A variety of core patient assessment methods are identified, including patient history, postural assessment, detailed anatomy palpation, range of motion assessment, orthopaedic testing, diagnostic imaging and basic patient management. The principles and practice are also applied with patient simulation exercises and practical clinical examinations. Specifically, this course allows the student to identify pathological dysfunction in the lower extremity, and select appropriate treatment options given the specifics of each individual case.
Physical Medicine III Lecture style and hands-on training in physical assessment and pathology recognition for the axial body (sacroiliac, lumbar, thoracic, ribs, cervical spine and TMJ). Included is the evaluation of common myofascial, articular, osseous, neurologic and vascular pathologies of the axial body. A variety of core patient assessment methods are identified, including patient history, postural assessment, detailed anatomy palpation, range of motion assessment, orthopaedic testing, diagnostic imaging and basic patient management. The principles and practice are also applied with patient simulation exercises and practical clinical examinations. Specifically, this course allows the student to identify pathological dysfunction in the axial body, and select appropriate treatment options given the specifics of each individual case.
Traditional Ayurvedic Medicine I–V
This series of courses provides a working knowledge of the philosophy, theories of diagnosis and therapeutic concepts and techniques of Traditional Ayurvedic Medicine. It emphasizes and demonstrates the use of marma, tongue and pulse diagnosis, five-element theory, and the basic use of Ayurvedic botanicals.
Category IV - Clinical Science
Clinical Ecology
Clinical ecology provides an investigation into the background, history and mechanisms behind chemical and environmental toxicology, strategies for detoxification and various tests and evaluative techniques. An in-depth presentation of allergy and allergy testing and treatment methods is also included.
Dermatology
Dermatology examines the etiology, presentation and pathophysiology of various skin conditions encountered by the practicing physician. Identification of the physical presentation is emphasized.
Genetics
Genetics develops an understanding of the role of genetic makeup and its contribution to the health of the individual. The rapidly-changing field of genetics and its contribution to medicine is surveyed. The role of genetic counselling is also considered.
General terms, normal karyotype, examples of Mendelian disorders, cytogenetic disorders and single-gene disorders with non-classic inheritance will be discussed. The role of biotechnology in society today as well as possible Ayurvedic roles and applications for the "treatment" of individuals with genetic diseases will also be discussed.
Geriatrics
This six-week course will cover clinic considerations when doing a historical intake, physical exam, nutritional assessment and laboratory investigation. Some of the more common abnormal findings that are non-pathological for the geriatric population will be explored. Commonly found pathologies in the geriatric population will be discussed as well as the Ayurvedic considerations. This course will also attempt to cover social constructs the geriatric patient may have to endure and discuss possible solutions.
Gynecology (Didactic with Lab)
Gynecology thoroughly examines women’s health, including normal development throughout the life cycle, understanding of hormone balance and effects and differential diagnosis, investigation and treatment of imbalance /disease. Because many factors specifically affect the health and well-being of women, this course takes a holistic, woman-centered perspective on gynecology. In addition to pathologies and allopathic and Ayurvedic treatments, wider factors are examined, including socioeconomic status and cultural behaviors, to develop a broader perspective on how practitioners can best provide women's health-care.
Ayurvedic Clinical Arts and Sciences NCAS I-VI
This series of courses uses many approaches, including Problem-Based Learning (PBL), case based collaborative learning, patient research, and case analysis. Specifically, it is designed to prepare future Ayurvedic physicians to apply the knowledge acquired in school to the problems and issues they will confront in clinical practice. This course begins with clinical entrance in the third year, and continues to the end of the Ayurvedic medicine program and serves as an educational core, uniting the curriculum with clinical practice. This provides for the integration of knowledge and current and historical principles presented in every other component of the program. Each course has a different emphasis depending on the specialty of the physician facilitating it.
The courses include a series of projects in each term based on clinical problems or topical issues, and are usually presented as patient cases in a variety of formats. It examines each facet of clinical practice to sharpen clinical, diagnostic and treatment skills, in case management and professional attitudes.
The students are responsible for making the process work. The instructor's function is to facilitate and support the group by both acting as a resource and serving as an unobtrusive educational coach to guide students in reasoning their way through the problem.
Learning is promoted through facilitating students' access to their own prior knowledge, articulation of this knowledge as it relates to the problem and the identification of the limitations of their knowledge. The instructor/facilitator also engages students in reflection on the process and provides feedback and evaluation. As the course progresses through the program, students become more and more responsible for their own learning and become increasingly independent of the instructor for their education.
Obstetrics
Obstetrics covers natural childbirth in the home or hospital setting. Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of problems of labor and delivery are addressed. Recognition of high-risk birthing situations and appropriate management are emphasized. Also included is maternal postpartum care, treatment of common lactation problems. The scope of practice of obstetrics for Ayurvedic physicians and indications and contraindications of Ayurvedic treatments in the care of the obstetrical patient will be emphasized.
Pediatrics
Pediatrics presents a general overview of pediatric conditions seen in Ayurvedic practice and the differential diagnosis and assessment of the common problems of infancy, childhood and adolescence. This includes health maintenance, disease prevention, the early diagnosis and Ayurvedic treatment of common childhood conditions and diseases, and referral where appropriate. Emphasis is on the development of a healthy lifestyle at an early age.
Public Health
Public health will introduce students to concepts of public health, characterized by community development, healthy public policy, ecosystem wholeness and inter-sectoral approaches. This course will emphasize the importance of inter-professional practice and will provide opportunities for students to work with local community health organizations and contribute their Ayurvedic lens to a community health project.
Category V - Clinical Practice and Integration
Emergency Medicine (Didactic and Lab)
Emergency medicine provides students with training in a variety of medical procedures including immunization, prescription-writing, intravenous and intramuscular injections.
This course will enable students to assess any emergency situation and respond immediately as a professional first-responder in order to provide basic life support.
Emergency medical skills are developed with a focus on the balance between confidence in established competencies and the recognition of limitations in personal knowledge and abilities.
A similarly balanced perspective is cultivated with regard to non-emergency situations through the development of referral skills. The scope of practice and training of other health-care professions is reviewed in the context of conditions and situations where referral to another professional is in the best interests of the patient.
History and Philosophy of Ayurvedic Medicine I-IIIThis course is the fundamental seat of Ayurvedic medical practice. Especially now, in the age of pharmaceutical prescribing rights, it is critical graduates understand and apply Ayurvedic philosophy and principles in case management. The sequences of courses include a thorough description of the historical evolution of the profession, the principles that drive patient care and a survey of past and pivotal literature.
Introduction to Clinical Education
This course introduces you to the structure and functioning of the Ayurveda Clinic. It covers the procedures and policies that apply to patient care; looks at proper documentation and patient flow, as well as the role of the overseeing doctor and student clinicians; reviews of the student clinical handbook and engages students in mock patient exercises to reinforce learning.
Master Classes
The Master class series welcomes experts from across the spectrum of health-care to share the wealth of experience and insight they have acquired within their particular specialty. These valuable classes allow the student to interact with those making a difference in their communities.
Medical Procedures (Didactic and Lab)
Medical procedures provides instruction in the performance of minor surgical procedures such as suturing techniques, lancing, the use of topical anaesthetics and bandaging techniques.
Clinical Studies
Clinical training provides clinic interns with the opportunity to learn and develop the skills to become proficient and effective Ayurvedic Physicians. This includes integration and application of core principles, clinical problem solving and diagnostic skills, a solid understanding of the history and vision of the profession, as well as expertise in ethical patient care and use of core modalities. By observing, supporting and then managing patient care, clinic interns have the opportunity to build their knowledge and experience under the guidance of experienced clinical faculty.
Of the 1,400 clinic hours required to graduate, 1225 are spent in direct patient care- 1100 in the teaching clinic and 125 in preceptoring roles. The remaining hours are spent on assistant shifts in the clinic (75 hours) and in professional development (100 hours).
Integrating what is taught in the classroom and having the opportunity to work with real people is critical in the development of a well-rounded Ayurvedic Clinic intern. At the Ayurveda training student clinic interns and clinical supervisors work together as a patient care team. Interns present their treatment plans to the clinical supervisor who then offers guidance and suggestions. The team develops a plan for investigation and, diagnosis, and ultimately implements and monitors a treatment plan for each individual patient.